Test 7 · ★ · Explorers, scientists and inventors

"galileo invented the telescope, duh" What would you say?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: galileo, you · What happens: invent, say · To what, where: telescope · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 7 · ★ of lesson 20 «Explorers, scientists and inventors» of the myths course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	"	"	PUNCT	_	3 invented	punct
2	galileo	galileo	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 invented	nsubj
3	invented	invent	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 telescope	det
5	telescope	telescope	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 invented	obj
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 say	punct
7	duh	duh	INTJ	_	12 say	discourse
8	"	"	PUNCT	_	12 say	punct
9	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	12 say	obj
10	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	12 say	aux
11	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	12 say	nsubj
12	say	say	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 invented	conj
13	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 invented	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	invent in a quote	past	galileo	the telescope					vn create-26.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent telescope=Result
2	say speech: assert	would	you						vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent what=Topic

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

He invented it to look at the Moon in 1500

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 invented	nsubj
2	invented	invent	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 invented	obj
4	to	to	PART	_	5 look	mark
5	look	look	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 invented	advcl
6	at	at	ADP	_	8 Moon	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 Moon	det
8	Moon	Moon	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 look	obl
9	in	in	ADP	_	10 1500	case
10	1500	1500	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	5 look	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	invent	past	He	it					vn create-26.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Result
2	look	to-infinitive	He not said here					in 1500; at the Moon	vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent at moon=Theme

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

It was invented in the Netherlands; he improved it and studied the sky

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 invented	nsubj:pass
2	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 invented	aux:pass
3	invented	invent	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	in	in	ADP	_	6 Netherlands	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 Netherlands	det
6	Netherlands	Netherlands	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 invented	obl
7	;	;	PUNCT	_	9 improved	punct
8	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	9 improved	nsubj
9	improved	improve	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 invented	conj
10	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	9 improved	obj
11	and	and	CCONJ	_	12 studied	cc
12	studied	study	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 invented	conj
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 sky	det
14	sky	sky	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 studied	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	roles by
1	invent	past · passive		It	the Netherlands	vn create-26.4-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Result
2	improve	past	he	Netherlands		vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent it=Patient
3	study	past		the sky		vn learn-14-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sky=Topic

Option 3

He invented it all by himself, and also the microscope and the camera

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 invented	nsubj
2	invented	invent	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 invented	obj
4	all	all	ADV	_	6 himself	advmod
5	by	by	ADP	_	6 himself	case
6	himself	himself	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes	2 invented	obl
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 microscope	punct
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 microscope	cc
9	also	also	ADV	_	11 microscope	advmod
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 microscope	det
11	microscope	microscope	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 invented	parataxis
12	and	and	CCONJ	_	14 camera	cc
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 camera	det
14	camera	camera	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 microscope	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	invent	past	He	it				by himself = he	vn create-26.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Result

Option 4

He never used a telescope in his life

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 used	nsubj
2	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	3 used	advmod
3	used	use	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 telescope	det
5	telescope	telescope	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 used	obj
6	in	in	ADP	_	8 life	case
7	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	8 life	nmod:poss
8	life	life	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 used	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not use	past	He	a telescope		his life			vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent telescope=Patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/myths/20-explorers-scientists-and-inventors/t7/