Exam question 2 · Sleepovers and spooky stories

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the alteration of one's reflected face observed in dim light?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: one · What happens: follow, characteris, reflect, be, observe · To what, where: alteration, reflected face, dim light

This is exam question 2 of lesson 26 «Sleepovers and spooky stories» of the myths course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 alteration	det
10	alteration	alteration	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obj
11	of	of	ADP	_	15 face	case
12	one	one	PRON	Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	15 face	nsubj
13	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	15 face	cop
14	reflected	reflect	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	15 face	amod
15	face	face	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 alteration	nmod
16	observed	observe	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	15 face	acl
17	in	in	ADP	_	19 light	case
18	dim	dim	ADJ	Degree=Pos	19 light	amod
19	light	light	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 observed	obl
20	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund					vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present		the alteration		of the following statements; accurately property	tree rules
3	reflect	participle					vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
4	is	present	one			of reflected face	tree rules
5	observe	participle		reflected face not said here	dim light		vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

It is caused by a spirit within the mirror

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 caused	nsubj:pass
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 caused	aux:pass
3	caused	cause	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	by	by	ADP	_	6 spirit	case
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 spirit	det
6	spirit	spirit	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 caused	obl
7	within	within	ADP	_	9 mirror	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 mirror	det
9	mirror	mirror	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 caused	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	cause	present · passive	a spirit	It				within the mirror	vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition subject=Patient

Option 2

It occurs solely upon the recitation of a name

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 occurs	nsubj
2	occurs	occur	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	solely	solely	ADV	_	2 occurs	advmod
4	upon	upon	ADP	_	6 recitation	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 recitation	det
6	recitation	recitation	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 occurs	obl
7	of	of	ADP	_	9 name	case
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 name	det
9	name	name	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 recitation	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	occur	present	It			the recitation of a name		solely property	vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme upon recitation=Location
2	recite			a name					nom recitation «communication transitive»: of=patient

Option 3

It results from the bending of light by mirrors of great age

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 results	nsubj
2	results	result	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
3	from	from	ADP	_	5 bending	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 bending	det
5	bending	bending	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 results	nmod
6	of	of	ADP	_	7 light	case
7	light	light	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 bending	nmod
8	by	by	ADP	_	9 mirrors	case
9	mirrors	mirror	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 results	nmod
10	of	of	ADP	_	12 age	case
11	great	great	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 age	amod
12	age	age	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 mirrors	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	result		mirrors of great age			the bending of light			nom result «phenomenon transitive»: from=place by=agent

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

It arises from the processing of the image within the brain

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 arises	nsubj
2	arises	arise	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	from	from	ADP	_	5 processing	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 processing	det
5	processing	processing	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 arises	obl
6	of	of	ADP	_	8 image	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 image	det
8	image	image	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 processing	nmod
9	within	within	ADP	_	11 brain	case
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 brain	det
11	brain	brain	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 arises	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	arise	present	It			the processing of the image		within the brain	vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	process			the image					nom processing «process transitive»: of=patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/myths/26-sleepovers-and-spooky-stories/e2/