Exam question 3 · Sleepovers and spooky stories

Select the response that is consistent with the established facts concerning the danger presented by a lake to an unaccompanied child.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: you, response, established facts · What happens: select, be, establish, concern, present · To what, where: response, danger

This is exam question 3 of lesson 26 «Sleepovers and spooky stories» of the myths course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Select	select	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 response	det
3	response	response	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Select	obj
4	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	6 consistent	nsubj
5	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 consistent	cop
6	consistent	consistent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 response	acl:relcl
7	with	with	ADP	_	10 facts	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 facts	det
9	established	establish	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	10 facts	amod
10	facts	fact	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 consistent	obl
11	concerning	concern	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	10 facts	acl
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 danger	det
13	danger	danger	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 concerning	obj
14	presented	present	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	13 danger	acl
15	by	by	ADP	_	17 lake	case
16	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	17 lake	det
17	lake	lake	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 presented	obl
18	to	to	ADP	_	21 child	case
19	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	21 child	det
20	unaccompanied	unaccompanied	ADJ	Degree=Pos	21 child	amod
21	child	child	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 lake	nmod
22	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Select	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	select	imperative	you not said here	the response		vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent response=Theme
2	is	present	the response		with the established facts; consistent property	tree rules
3	establish	participle				vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot
4	concern	gerund	the established facts not said here	the danger		vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus danger=Experiencer
5	present	participle		the danger not said here	by a lake to a unaccompanied child	vn fulfilling-13.4.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Deep water may be cold, deep and obstructed by weeds

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Deep	deep	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 water	amod
2	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 cold	nsubj
3	may	may	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 cold	aux
4	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	5 cold	cop
5	cold	cold	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 deep	punct
7	deep	deep	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 cold	conj
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 obstructed	cc
9	obstructed	obstruct	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	5 cold	conj
10	by	by	ADP	_	11 weeds	case
11	weeds	weed	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 obstructed	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	other	roles by
1	is	may	Deep water	cold property	tree rules
2	be		Deep water not said here		tree rules
3	obstruct	participle	Deep water not said here	by weeds	vn discourage-64.5-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Causer

Option 2

Lakes are dangerous solely at midnight

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Lakes	lake	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 dangerous	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 dangerous	cop
3	dangerous	dangerous	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	solely	solely	ADV	_	3 dangerous	advmod
5	at	at	ADP	_	6 midnight	case
6	midnight	midnight	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 dangerous	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Lakes				midnight	dangerous, solely property	tree rules

Option 3

Only shallow water presents any danger

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Only	only	ADV	_	3 water	advmod
2	shallow	shallow	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 water	amod
3	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 presents	nsubj
4	presents	present	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	any	any	DET	PronType=Ind	6 danger	det
6	danger	danger	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 presents	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	present	present	shallow water	any danger					vn fulfilling-13.4.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent danger=Theme

Option 4

A lake presents no danger in the absence of a monster

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 lake	det
2	lake	lake	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 presents	nsubj
3	presents	present	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	5 danger	det
5	danger	danger	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 presents	obj
6	in	in	ADP	_	8 absence	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 absence	det
8	absence	absence	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 danger	nmod
9	of	of	ADP	_	11 monster	case
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 monster	det
11	monster	monster	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 absence	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	present	present	a lake	no danger		the absence of a monster			vn fulfilling-13.4.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent danger=Theme
2	absent			a monster					nom absence «state transitive»: of=patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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