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Exam question 4 · Where did you read that? Checking sources

It is given that a newspaper headline asserts that chocolate renders persons more intelligent. Determine the most appropriate course of action.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: newspaper headline, you · What happens: give, assert, determine · To what, where: It, appropriate course

This is exam question 4 of lesson 28 «Where did you read that? Checking sources» of the myths course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: It is given that a newspaper headline asserts that chocolate renders persons more intelligent.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 given	nsubj:pass
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 given	aux:pass
3	given	give	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	that	that	SCONJ	_	8 asserts	mark
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 headline	det
6	newspaper	newspaper	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 headline	compound
7	headline	headline	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 asserts	nsubj
8	asserts	assert	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 given	advcl
9	that	that	SCONJ	_	14 intelligent	mark
10	chocolate	chocolate	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 renders	compound
11	renders	render	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 persons	compound
12	persons	person	NOUN	Number=Plur	13 more	nsubj
13	more	more	ADV	Degree=Cmp	14 intelligent	advmod
14	intelligent	intelligent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 asserts	ccomp
15	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 given	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	give	present · passive		It					vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
2	assert	present	a newspaper headline						vn conjecture-29.5 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Determine the most appropriate course of action.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Determine	determine	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 course	det
3	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	4 appropriate	advmod
4	appropriate	appropriate	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 course	amod
5	course	course	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Determine	obj
6	of	of	ADP	_	7 action	case
7	action	action	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 course	nmod
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Determine	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	determine	imperative	you not said here	the appropriate course of action					vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent course=Topic

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Consult the article and ascertain the scale and subjects of the study

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Consult	consult	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 article	det
3	article	article	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Consult	obj
4	and	and	CCONJ	_	5 ascertain	cc
5	ascertain	ascertain	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	1 Consult	conj
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 scale	det
7	scale	scale	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 ascertain	obj
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 subjects	cc
9	subjects	subject	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 scale	conj
10	of	of	ADP	_	12 study	case
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 study	det
12	study	study	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 subjects	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	consult	imperative	you not said here	the article					vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent article=Theme
2	ascertain	infinitive	you not said here	the scale and subjects of the study					vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent scale=Topic

Option 2

Accept the assertion upon the authority of the newspaper

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Accept	accept	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 assertion	det
3	assertion	assertion	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Accept	obj
4	upon	upon	ADP	_	6 authority	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 authority	det
6	authority	authority	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Accept	obl
7	of	of	ADP	_	9 newspaper	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 newspaper	det
9	newspaper	newspaper	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 authority	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	accept	imperative	you not said here	the assertion				upon the authority of the newspaper	vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent assertion=Theme

Option 3

Increase one's consumption of chocolate forthwith

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Increase	increase	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	one	one	PRON	Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 consumption	nmod:poss
3	's	's	PART	_	2 one	case
4	consumption	consumption	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Increase	obj
5	of	of	ADP	_	6 chocolate	case
6	chocolate	chocolate	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 consumption	nmod
7	forthwith	forthwith	ADJ	Degree=Pos	1 Increase	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	increase	imperative	you not said here	one's consumption of chocolate				forthwith property	vn caused_calibratable_cos-45.6.2-1 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Causer consumption=Patient
2	consume		one	chocolate					nom consumption «act transitive»: poss=agent of=patient

Option 4

Reject all newspapers as sources henceforth

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Reject	reject	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	3 newspapers	det
3	newspapers	newspaper	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 Reject	obj
4	as	as	ADP	_	5 sources	case
5	sources	source	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 Reject	obl
6	henceforth	henceforth	ADV	_	1 Reject	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	reject	imperative	you not said here	all newspapers				as sources; henceforth property	vn reject-77.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent newspaper=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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