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Test 10 · ★★ · Friends who cling to a legend

Two friends argue whether Pluto is a planet. Which is true?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 2 · right ✓ · Who acts: Two friends, Pluto · What happens: argue, be · To what, where: planet

This is test 10 · ★★ of lesson 31 «Friends who cling to a legend» of the myths course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: Two friends argue whether Pluto is a planet.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Two	two	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	2 friends	nummod
2	friends	friend	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 argue	nsubj
3	argue	argue	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	whether	whether	SCONJ	_	8 planet	mark
5	Pluto	Pluto	PROPN	Number=Sing	8 planet	nsubj
6	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 planet	cop
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 planet	det
8	planet	planet	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 argue	advcl
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 argue	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	argue speech: disagree	present	Two friends						vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	is a	present	Pluto	a planet					tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Which is true?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	3 true	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 true	cop
3	true	true	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 true	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present						true property	tree rules

The options

Option 1

Everyone agrees it's the biggest planet

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Everyone	everyone	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Tot	2 agrees	nsubj
2	agrees	agree	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 planet	nsubj
4	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 planet	cop
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 planet	det
6	biggest	big	ADJ	Degree=Sup	7 planet	amod
7	planet	planet	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 agrees	ccomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	agree speech: agree	present	Everyone						vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	is a	present	it	the biggest planet					tree rules

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Astronomers call it a dwarf planet, though some still debate it

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Astronomers	astronomer	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 call	nsubj
2	call	call	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 call	obj
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 planet	det
5	dwarf	dwarf	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 planet	amod
6	planet	planet	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 call	xcomp
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 debate	punct
8	though	though	SCONJ	_	11 debate	mark
9	some	some	DET	PronType=Ind	11 debate	nsubj
10	still	still	ADV	_	11 debate	advmod
11	debate	debate	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 call	conj
12	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 debate	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	call	present	Astronomers	it					vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent it=Recipient
2	debate	present	some	planet			still		vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Co-Agent

Option 3

Pluto was never discovered

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Pluto	Pluto	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 discovered	nsubj:pass
2	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 discovered	aux:pass
3	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	4 discovered	advmod
4	discovered	discover	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not discover	past · passive		Pluto					vn discover-84-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Topic

Option 4

Pluto is a moon of Earth

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Pluto	Pluto	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 moon	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 moon	cop
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 moon	det
4	moon	moon	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	of	of	ADP	_	6 Earth	case
6	Earth	Earth	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 moon	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	Pluto	a moon				of Earth	tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/myths/31-friends-who-cling-to-a-legend/t10/