Exam question 2 · Moving, swimming and sport

Select the response that is consistent with the established facts concerning the consumption of food prior to swimming.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you, response, established facts · What happens: select, be, establish, concern, consume · To what, where: response, consumption, food

This is exam question 2 of lesson 5 «Moving, swimming and sport» of the myths course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Select	select	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 response	det
3	response	response	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Select	obj
4	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	6 consistent	nsubj
5	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 consistent	cop
6	consistent	consistent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 response	acl:relcl
7	with	with	ADP	_	10 facts	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 facts	det
9	established	establish	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	10 facts	amod
10	facts	fact	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 consistent	obl
11	concerning	concern	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	10 facts	acl
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 consumption	det
13	consumption	consumption	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 concerning	obj
14	of	of	ADP	_	15 food	case
15	food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 consumption	nmod
16	prior	prior	ADJ	Degree=Pos ExtPos=ADP	18 swimming	case
17	to	to	ADP	_	16 prior	fixed
18	swimming	swimming	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 concerning	obl
19	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Select	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	select	imperative	you not said here	the response		vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent response=Theme
2	is	present	the response		with the established facts; consistent property	tree rules
3	establish	participle				vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot
4	concern	gerund	the established facts not said here	the consumption of food	prior swimming	vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus consumption=Experiencer
5	consume			food		nom consumption «act transitive»: of=patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Food consumed prior to swimming invariably produces cramp

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 produces	nsubj
2	consumed	consume	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	1 Food	acl
3	prior	prior	ADJ	Degree=Pos ExtPos=SCONJ	5 swimming	mark
4	to	to	ADP	_	3 prior	fixed
5	swimming	swim	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	2 consumed	advcl
6	invariably	invariably	ADV	_	5 swimming	advmod
7	produces	produce	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
8	cramp	cramp	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 produces	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	consume	participle		Food not said here		vn consume-66 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
2	swim	gerund			invariably property	vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	produce	present	Food	cramp		vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cramp=Result

Option 2

A period of one hour must elapse to prevent drowning

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 period	det
2	period	period	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 elapse	nsubj
3	of	of	ADP	_	5 hour	case
4	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	5 hour	nummod
5	hour	hour	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 period	nmod
6	must	must	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	7 elapse	aux
7	elapse	elapse	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
8	to	to	PART	_	9 prevent	mark
9	prevent	prevent	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	7 elapse	advcl
10	drowning	drowning	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 prevent	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	elapse	must	a period of one hour						tree rules
2	prevent	to-infinitive	a period of one hour not said here	drowning					vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer drowning=Theme

Option 3

Swimming is permissible only upon an empty stomach

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Swimming	swimming	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 permissible	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 permissible	cop
3	permissible	permissible	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	only	only	ADV	_	8 stomach	advmod
5	upon	upon	ADP	_	8 stomach	case
6	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 stomach	det
7	empty	empty	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 stomach	amod
8	stomach	stomach	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 permissible	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Swimming					upon a empty stomach; permissible property	tree rules

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

No evidence connects it with drowning; depth, cold and supervision are the principal concerns

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	DET	PronType=Neg	2 evidence	det
2	evidence	evidence	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 connects	nsubj
3	connects	connect	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 connects	obj
5	with	with	ADP	_	6 drowning	case
6	drowning	drowning	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 connects	obl
7	;	;	PUNCT	_	8 depth	punct
8	depth	depth	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 concerns	nsubj
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 cold	punct
10	cold	cold	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 depth	amod
11	and	and	CCONJ	_	12 supervision	cc
12	supervision	supervision	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 cold	conj
13	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	16 concerns	cop
14	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	16 concerns	det
15	principal	principal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	16 concerns	amod
16	concerns	concern	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 connects	parataxis

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	connect	present	no evidence	it				with drowning	vn mix-22.1-2-1 «NP V NP PP.co-patient»: agent=Agent it=Patient with drowning=Co-Patient
2	is a	present	depth	the principal concerns					tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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