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Test 1 · ★★ · Wild animals and tall tales

Your mate swears: "I SAW it on a nature film, lemmings jumped off a cliff, so it's true." What do you say?

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 4 · right ✓ · Who acts: mate, I, lemmings, you · What happens: swear, see, jump off, be, say · To what, where: mate, nature film, cliff · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 1 · ★★ of lesson 8 «Wild animals and tall tales» of the myths course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: Your mate swears: "I SAW it on a nature film, lemmings jumped off a cliff, so it's true."

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Your	your	PRON	Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 mate	nmod:poss
2	mate	mate	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 swears	nsubj
3	swears	swear	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	:	:	PUNCT	_	7 SAW	punct
5	"	"	PUNCT	_	7 SAW	punct
6	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	7 SAW	nsubj
7	SAW	see	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 swears	ccomp
8	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 SAW	obj
9	on	on	ADP	_	12 film	case
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 film	det
11	nature	nature	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 film	compound
12	film	film	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 SAW	obl
13	,	,	PUNCT	_	15 jumped	punct
14	lemmings	lemming	NOUN	Number=Plur	15 jumped	nsubj
15	jumped	jump	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	7 SAW	conj
16	off	off	ADP	_	15 jumped	compound:prt
17	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	18 cliff	det
18	cliff	cliff	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 jumped	obj
19	,	,	PUNCT	_	23 true	punct
20	so	so	ADV	_	23 true	advmod
21	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	23 true	nsubj
22	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	23 true	cop
23	true	true	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 swears	parataxis
24	.	.	PUNCT	_	23 true	punct
25	"	"	PUNCT	_	3 swears	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	swear	present	Your mate						vn conjecture-29.5 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme
2	see in a quote	past	I	mate		a nature film			vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer it=Stimulus
3	jump off in a quote	past	lemmings	a cliff					vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme cliff=Trajectory
4	is in a quote	present	mate					true property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What do you say?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	4 say	obj
2	do	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 say	aux
3	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	4 say	nsubj
4	say	say	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 say	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	present · do-support	you						vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent what=Topic

The options

Option 1

They only jump on Tuesdays

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 jump	nsubj
2	only	only	ADV	_	3 jump	advmod
3	jump	jump	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	on	on	ADP	_	5 Tuesdays	case
5	Tuesdays	Tuesday	PROPN	Number=Plur	3 jump	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	jump	present	They				tuesday		vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 2

Lemmings jump because they can fly a bit

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Lemmings	lemming	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 jump	nsubj
2	jump	jump	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	because	because	SCONJ	_	6 fly	mark
4	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 fly	nsubj
5	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	6 fly	aux
6	fly	fly	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 jump	advcl
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 bit	det
8	bit	bit	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 fly	obl:unmarked

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	jump	present	Lemmings						vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	fly	can	Lemmings = lemming	a bit					vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 3

If something is shown on film, then it must always be true

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	If	if	SCONJ	_	4 shown	mark
2	something	something	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	4 shown	nsubj:pass
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 shown	aux:pass
4	shown	show	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	on	on	ADP	_	6 film	case
6	film	film	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 shown	obl
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 true	punct
8	then	then	ADV	PronType=Dem	13 true	advmod
9	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	13 true	nsubj
10	must	must	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	13 true	aux
11	always	always	ADV	PronType=Tot	13 true	advmod
12	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	13 true	cop
13	true	true	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 shown	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	show	present · passive		something		film			vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient
2	is	must	film				then	always, true property	tree rules

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

That film was staged; real lemmings don't do that

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	That	that	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	2 film	det
2	film	film	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 staged	nsubj:pass
3	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 staged	aux:pass
4	staged	stage	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	;	;	PUNCT	_	10 do	punct
6	real	real	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 lemmings	amod
7	lemmings	lemming	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 do	nsubj
8	do	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 do	aux
9	n't	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	10 do	advmod
10	do	do	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 staged	parataxis
11	that	that	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	10 do	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	stage	past · passive		that film					vn performance-26.7-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
2	not do	present · do-support	real lemmings	that					vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent that=Eventuality

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/myths/8-wild-animals-and-tall-tales/t1/