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Test 8 · ★★ · Wild animals and tall tales

A chameleon on a green leaf turns bright red when another male comes near. Why?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 2 · right ✓ · Who acts: chameleon, male · What happens: turn, come

This is test 8 · ★★ of lesson 8 «Wild animals and tall tales» of the myths course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: A chameleon on a green leaf turns bright red when another male comes near.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 chameleon	det
2	chameleon	chameleon	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 turns	nsubj
3	on	on	ADP	_	6 leaf	case
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 leaf	det
5	green	green	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 leaf	amod
6	leaf	leaf	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 chameleon	nmod
7	turns	turn	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
8	bright	bright	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 red	amod
9	red	red	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 turns	xcomp
10	when	when	SCONJ	_	13 comes	mark
11	another	another	DET	PronType=Ind	12 male	det
12	male	male	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 comes	nsubj
13	comes	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 turns	advcl
14	near	near	ADV	_	13 comes	advmod
15	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 turns	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	turn	present	a chameleon on a green leaf					red property	vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme
2	come	present	another male					near property	vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Why?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	root	root
2	?	?	PUNCT	_	1 Why	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

The options

Option 1

It's much too cold for it to stay green

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 cold	nsubj
2	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 cold	cop
3	much	much	ADV	_	5 cold	advmod
4	too	too	ADV	_	5 cold	advmod
5	cold	cold	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
6	for	for	SCONJ	_	9 stay	mark
7	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	9 stay	nsubj
8	to	to	PART	_	9 stay	mark
9	stay	stay	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 cold	advcl
10	green	green	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 stay	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	It					cold property	tree rules
2	stay	to-infinitive	it					green property	vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

It's signalling to the other chameleon

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 signalling	nsubj
2	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 signalling	aux
3	signalling	signall	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
4	to	to	ADP	_	7 chameleon	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 chameleon	det
6	other	other	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 chameleon	amod
7	chameleon	chameleon	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 signalling	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	signall	present · progressive	It					to the other chameleon	tree rules

Option 3

It has just eaten a bright red berry from the bush

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 eaten	nsubj:pass
2	has	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 eaten	aux
3	just	just	ADV	_	4 eaten	advmod
4	eaten	eat	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 berry	det
6	bright	bright	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 berry	amod
7	red	red	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 berry	amod
8	berry	berry	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 eaten	obj
9	from	from	ADP	_	11 bush	case
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 bush	det
11	bush	bush	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 berry	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	eat	present · perfect · passive		It					tree rules

Option 4

It's trying hard to match the colour of the leaf

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 trying	nsubj
2	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 trying	aux
3	trying	try	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
4	hard	hard	ADV	Degree=Pos	3 trying	advmod
5	to	to	PART	_	6 match	mark
6	match	match	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 trying	xcomp
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 colour	det
8	colour	colour	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 match	obj
9	of	of	ADP	_	11 leaf	case
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 leaf	det
11	leaf	leaf	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 colour	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	try	present · progressive	It					hard property	vn try-61.1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality
2	match not said to happen	to-infinitive		the colour of the leaf					vn amalgamate-22.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent colour=Patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/myths/8-wild-animals-and-tall-tales/t8/