Exam question 4 · Why things fall: the apple and the pull of the Earth

Select the response that is consistent with the established facts concerning the direction designated "down" upon the Earth.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: you, response, established facts · What happens: select, be, establish, concern, designate · To what, where: response, direction

This is exam question 4 of lesson 1 «Why things fall: the apple and the pull of the Earth» of the physics course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Select	select	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 response	det
3	response	response	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Select	obj
4	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	6 consistent	nsubj
5	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 consistent	cop
6	consistent	consistent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 response	acl:relcl
7	with	with	ADP	_	10 facts	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 facts	det
9	established	establish	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	10 facts	amod
10	facts	fact	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 consistent	obl
11	concerning	concern	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	10 facts	acl
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 direction	det
13	direction	direction	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 concerning	obj
14	designated	designate	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	13 direction	acl
15	"	"	PUNCT	_	16 down	punct
16	down	down	ADV	_	14 designated	advmod
17	"	"	PUNCT	_	16 down	punct
18	upon	upon	ADP	_	20 Earth	case
19	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	20 Earth	det
20	Earth	Earth	PROPN	Number=Sing	14 designated	obl
21	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Select	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	select	imperative	you not said here	the response		vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent response=Theme
2	is	present	the response		with the established facts; consistent property	tree rules
3	establish	participle				vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot
4	concern	gerund	the established facts not said here	the direction		vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus direction=Experiencer
5	designate	participle		the direction not said here	upon the Earth; down property	vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

It is directed towards the centre of the Earth at every location

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 directed	nsubj:pass
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 directed	aux:pass
3	directed	direct	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	towards	towards	ADP	_	6 centre	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 centre	det
6	centre	centre	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 directed	obl
7	of	of	ADP	_	9 Earth	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 Earth	det
9	Earth	Earth	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 centre	nmod
10	at	at	ADP	_	12 location	case
11	every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	12 location	det
12	location	location	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 directed	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	direct	present · passive		It		every location		towards the centre of the Earth	vn supervision-95.2.2-1 «NP V NP.theme PP.predicate»: subject=Theme at location=Eventuality

Option 2

It is directed towards the South Pole at every location

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 directed	nsubj:pass
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 directed	aux:pass
3	directed	direct	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	towards	towards	ADP	_	7 Pole	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 Pole	det
6	South	South	PROPN	Number=Sing	7 Pole	compound
7	Pole	Pole	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 directed	obl
8	at	at	ADP	_	10 location	case
9	every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	10 location	det
10	location	location	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 directed	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	direct	present · passive		It		every location		towards the South Pole	vn supervision-95.2.2-1 «NP V NP.theme PP.predicate»: subject=Theme at location=Eventuality

Option 3

It is identical in absolute direction at every location

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 identical	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 identical	cop
3	identical	identical	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	in	in	ADP	_	6 direction	case
5	absolute	absolute	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 direction	amod
6	direction	direction	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 identical	obl
7	at	at	ADP	_	9 location	case
8	every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	9 location	det
9	location	location	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 direction	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	It			absolute direction at every location		identical property	tree rules

Option 4

It is directed towards the North Pole at every location

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 directed	nsubj:pass
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 directed	aux:pass
3	directed	direct	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	towards	towards	ADP	_	7 Pole	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 Pole	det
6	North	North	PROPN	Number=Sing	7 Pole	compound
7	Pole	Pole	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 directed	obl
8	at	at	ADP	_	10 location	case
9	every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	10 location	det
10	location	location	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 directed	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	direct	present · passive		It		every location		towards the North Pole	vn supervision-95.2.2-1 «NP V NP.theme PP.predicate»: subject=Theme at location=Eventuality

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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