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Test 7 · Why things fall: the apple and the pull of the Earth

Two balls the same size, one steel and one plastic, are dropped from a window. Which is closest to true?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · What happens: drop, be · To what, where: Two balls, window

This is test 7 of lesson 1 «Why things fall: the apple and the pull of the Earth» of the physics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: Two balls the same size, one steel and one plastic, are dropped from a window.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Two	two	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	2 balls	nummod
2	balls	ball	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 dropped	nsubj
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 size	det
4	same	same	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 size	amod
5	size	size	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 balls	appos
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 steel	punct
7	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	8 steel	nummod
8	steel	steel	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 size	conj
9	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 plastic	cc
10	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	11 plastic	nummod
11	plastic	plastic	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 size	conj
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	2 balls	punct
13	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	14 dropped	aux:pass
14	dropped	drop	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
15	from	from	ADP	_	17 window	case
16	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	17 window	det
17	window	window	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 dropped	obl
18	.	.	PUNCT	_	14 dropped	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	drop	present · passive		Two balls		a window			vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme from window=Destination

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Which is closest to true?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	3 closest	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 closest	cop
3	closest	close	ADJ	Degree=Sup	root	root
4	to	to	ADP	_	5 true	case
5	true	true	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 closest	obl
6	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 closest	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present						to true; close property	tree rules

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

The steel one lands twice as soon

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 one	det
2	steel	steel	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 one	compound
3	one	one	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 lands	nsubj
4	lands	land	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	twice	twice	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Mult	4 lands	advmod
6	as	as	ADV	_	7 soon	advmod
7	soon	soon	ADV	Degree=Pos	4 lands	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	land	present	the steel one					soon, twice property	vn pocket-9.10-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

They land at almost the same time

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 land	nsubj
2	land	land	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	at	at	ADP	_	7 time	case
4	almost	almost	ADV	_	7 time	advmod
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 time	det
6	same	same	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 time	amod
7	time	time	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 land	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	land	present	They				time		vn pocket-9.10-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 3

The plastic one lands first

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 one	det
2	plastic	plastic	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 one	amod
3	one	one	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 lands	nsubj
4	lands	land	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	first	first	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Ord	4 lands	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	land	present	the plastic one					first property	vn pocket-9.10-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 4

The plastic one does not fall

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 one	det
2	plastic	plastic	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 one	amod
3	one	one	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 fall	nsubj
4	does	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 fall	aux
5	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	6 fall	advmod
6	fall	fall	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not fall	present · do-support	the plastic one						vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/physics/1-why-things-fall/t7/