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Test 7 · ★★ · Swings and pendulums

In a cartoon a pendulum keeps swinging higher and higher with nobody pushing. Is that real?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 3 · right ✓ · Who acts: pendulum, nobody, that · What happens: keep, swing, push, be · To what, where: cartoon

This is test 7 · ★★ of lesson 10 «Swings and pendulums» of the physics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: In a cartoon a pendulum keeps swinging higher and higher with nobody pushing.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	3 cartoon	case
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 cartoon	det
3	cartoon	cartoon	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 keeps	obl
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 pendulum	det
5	pendulum	pendulum	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 keeps	nsubj
6	keeps	keep	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	swinging	swing	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	6 keeps	xcomp
8	higher	high	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	7 swinging	xcomp
9	and	and	CCONJ	_	10 higher	cc
10	higher	high	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	8 higher	conj
11	with	with	SCONJ	_	13 pushing	mark
12	nobody	nobody	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	13 pushing	nsubj
13	pushing	push	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	7 swinging	advcl
14	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 keeps	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	keep	present	a pendulum			a cartoon			tree rules
2	swing	gerund	a pendulum not said here					high property	vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute
3	push	gerund	nobody						vn push-12-1-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Is that real?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 real	cop
2	that	that	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	3 real	nsubj
3	real	real	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 real	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	that					real property	tree rules

The options

Option 1

Yes, if the room is warm

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	7 warm	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Yes	punct
3	if	if	SCONJ	_	7 warm	mark
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 room	det
5	room	room	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 warm	nsubj
6	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 warm	cop
7	warm	warm	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	the room					warm property	tree rules

Option 2

No, it would stop at once

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	INTJ	Polarity=Neg	5 stop	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 No	punct
3	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 stop	nsubj
4	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 stop	aux
5	stop	stop	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
6	at	at	ADP	_	7 once	case
7	once	once	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Mult	5 stop	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	stop	would	it						vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme at once=Location

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

No, it would swing lower and lower

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	INTJ	Polarity=Neg	5 swing	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 No	punct
3	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 swing	nsubj
4	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 swing	aux
5	swing	swing	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
6	lower	low	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	5 swing	xcomp
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 lower	cc
8	lower	low	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	6 lower	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	swing	would	it					low property	vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute

Option 4

Yes, pendulums always speed up as they go

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	5 speed	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Yes	punct
3	pendulums	pendulum	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 speed	nsubj
4	always	always	ADV	PronType=Tot	5 speed	advmod
5	speed	speed	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	up	up	ADP	_	5 speed	compound:prt
7	as	as	SCONJ	_	9 go	mark
8	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	9 go	nsubj
9	go	go	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 speed	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	speed up	present	pendulums					always property	vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	go	present	pendulums = pendulum						vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/physics/10-swings-and-pendulums/t7/