Test 11 · ★ · Floating in the real world: ice, submarines and balloons

Which shows that water grows bigger when it freezes?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 3 · right ✓ · Who acts: water · What happens: show, grow, freeze · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 11 · ★ of lesson 12 «Floating in the real world: ice, submarines and balloons» of the physics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	2 shows	nsubj
2	shows	show	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	that	that	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	4 water	det
4	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 grows	nsubj
5	grows	grow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 shows	ccomp
6	bigger	big	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	5 grows	xcomp
7	when	when	SCONJ	_	9 freezes	mark
8	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	9 freezes	nsubj
9	freezes	freeze	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 grows	advcl
10	?	?	PUNCT	_	2 shows	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	other	roles by
1	show	present			vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	grow	present	that water	big property	vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	freeze	present	water		vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

Rain falls from clouds

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Rain	rain	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 falls	nsubj
2	falls	fall	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	from	from	ADP	_	4 clouds	case
4	clouds	cloud	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 falls	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	fall	present	Rain			clouds			vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from cloud=Initial_Location

Option 2

Ice cubes melt quickly when you drop them in a warm drink

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Ice	ice	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 cubes	compound
2	cubes	cube	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 melt	nsubj
3	melt	melt	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	quickly	quickly	ADV	_	3 melt	advmod
5	when	when	ADV	PronType=Int	7 drop	advmod
6	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	7 drop	nsubj
7	drop	drop	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 melt	advcl
8	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 drop	obj
9	in	in	ADP	_	12 drink	case
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 drink	det
11	warm	warm	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 drink	amod
12	drink	drink	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 drop	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	melt	present	Ice cubes					quickly property	vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
2	drop	present	you	cubes = cube		a warm drink			vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent they=Theme in drink=Destination

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

A full bottle left in the freezer can crack

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 bottle	det
2	full	full	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 bottle	amod
3	bottle	bottle	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 crack	nsubj
4	left	leave	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 bottle	acl
5	in	in	ADP	_	7 freezer	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 freezer	det
7	freezer	freezer	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 left	obl
8	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	9 crack	aux
9	crack	crack	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	leave	participle		a full bottle not said here				in the freezer result	vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient in freezer=Result
2	crack	can	a full bottle						vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 4

Snow is white and soft

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Snow	snow	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 white	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 white	cop
3	white	white	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	and	and	CCONJ	_	5 soft	cc
5	soft	soft	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 white	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Snow					white property	tree rules
2	be		Snow not said here						tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/physics/12-ice-submarines-and-balloons/t11/