Test 7 · ★ · Floating in the real world: ice, submarines and balloons

Why is a helium balloon like a piece of wood in a pond?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 1 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: helium balloon · What happens: be

This is test 7 · ★ of lesson 12 «Floating in the real world: ice, submarines and balloons» of the physics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Rel	root	root
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	1 Why	cop
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 balloon	det
4	helium	helium	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 balloon	compound
5	balloon	balloon	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Why	nsubj
6	like	like	ADP	_	8 piece	case
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 piece	det
8	piece	piece	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 balloon	nmod
9	of	of	ADP	_	10 wood	case
10	wood	wood	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 piece	nmod
11	in	in	ADP	_	13 pond	case
12	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	13 pond	det
13	pond	pond	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 balloon	nmod
14	?	?	PUNCT	_	1 Why	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	a helium balloon like a piece of wood in a pond					why property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ✓ the right answer

Both are lighter than what surrounds them, so they rise

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Both	both	DET	PronType=Tot	3 lighter	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 lighter	cop
3	lighter	light	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	root	root
4	than	than	SCONJ	_	6 surrounds	mark
5	what	what	PRON	PronType=Int	6 surrounds	nsubj
6	surrounds	surround	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 lighter	advcl
7	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 surrounds	obj
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 rise	punct
9	so	so	ADV	_	11 rise	advmod
10	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 rise	nsubj
11	rise	rise	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 lighter	parataxis

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	is	present	Both		light property	tree rules
2	surround	present		them = they		vn contiguous_location-47.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme they=Co-Theme
3	rise	present	they			vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 2

Both sink slowly

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Both	both	DET	PronType=Tot	2 sink	nsubj
2	sink	sink	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	slowly	slowly	ADV	_	2 sink	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	sink	present	Both					slowly property	vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice

Both are heavier than air

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Both	both	DET	PronType=Tot	3 heavier	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 heavier	cop
3	heavier	heavy	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	root	root
4	than	than	ADP	_	5 air	case
5	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 heavier	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Both					than air; heavy property	tree rules

Option 4

Both are made of plant stuff

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Both	both	DET	PronType=Tot	3 made	nsubj:pass
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 made	aux:pass
3	made	make	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	of	of	ADP	_	6 stuff	case
5	plant	plant	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 stuff	compound
6	stuff	stuff	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 made	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	present · passive		Both				of plant stuff	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/physics/12-ice-submarines-and-balloons/t7/