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Test 9 · ★ · Wind and weather

You blow very gently on a candle and it burns brighter. How is that possible?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 3 · right ✓ · Who acts: You, candle, that · What happens: blow, burn, be · To what, where: candle

This is test 9 · ★ of lesson 15 «Wind and weather» of the physics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: You blow very gently on a candle and it burns brighter.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	You	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	2 blow	nsubj
2	blow	blow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	very	very	ADV	_	4 gently	advmod
4	gently	gently	ADV	_	2 blow	advmod
5	on	on	ADP	_	7 candle	case
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 candle	det
7	candle	candle	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 blow	obl
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	10 burns	cc
9	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 burns	nsubj
10	burns	burn	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 blow	conj
11	brighter	bright	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	10 burns	xcomp
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 blow	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	blow	present	You			a candle		gently property	vn split-23.2 «NP V apart»: agent=Patient
2	burn	present	candle					bright property	vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: How is that possible?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	How	how	ADV	PronType=Int	4 possible	advmod
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 possible	cop
3	that	that	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	4 possible	nsubj
4	possible	possible	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 possible	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	that					possible property	tree rules

The options

Option 1

It is impossible, so you must be mistaken

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 impossible	expl
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 impossible	cop
3	impossible	impossible	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 mistaken	punct
5	so	so	ADV	_	9 mistaken	advmod
6	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	9 mistaken	nsubj
7	must	must	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	9 mistaken	aux
8	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	9 mistaken	aux:pass
9	mistaken	mistake	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 impossible	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present						impossible property	tree rules
2	mistake	must · passive		you					tree rules

Option 2

Gentle blowing makes the wick grow longer and burn more

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Gentle	gentle	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 blowing	amod
2	blowing	blowing	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 makes	nsubj
3	makes	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 wick	det
5	wick	wick	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 makes	obj
6	grow	grow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 makes	xcomp
7	longer	long	ADV	Degree=Cmp	6 grow	advmod
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 burn	cc
9	burn	burn	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	6 grow	conj
10	more	more	ADV	Degree=Cmp	3 makes	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	present	Gentle blowing	the wick					tree rules
2	grow	present	the wick not said here					long property	vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	burn	infinitive	the wick not said here						vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

A gentle breath brings fresh air to the flame

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 breath	det
2	gentle	gentle	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 breath	amod
3	breath	breath	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 brings	nsubj
4	brings	bring	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	fresh	fresh	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 air	amod
6	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 brings	obj
7	to	to	ADP	_	9 flame	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 flame	det
9	flame	flame	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 brings	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	bring	present	a gentle breath	fresh air		the flame			vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent air=Theme to flame=Destination

Option 4

Your breath contains extra wax

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Your	your	PRON	Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 breath	nmod:poss
2	breath	breath	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 contains	nsubj
3	contains	contain	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	extra	extra	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 wax	amod
5	wax	wax	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 contains	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	contain	present	Your breath	extra wax					vn comprise-107.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot wax=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/physics/15-wind-and-weather/t9/