Exam question 2 · Pressure tricks: pumps, tyres and vacuums

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the operation of a vacuum cleaner?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · What happens: follow, characteris, operate · To what, where: operation, vacuum cleaner

This is exam question 2 of lesson 16 «Pressure tricks: pumps, tyres and vacuums» of the physics course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 operation	det
10	operation	operation	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obj
11	of	of	ADP	_	14 cleaner	case
12	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	14 cleaner	det
13	vacuum	vacuum	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 cleaner	compound
14	cleaner	cleaner	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 operation	nmod
15	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	what, whom	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund			vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present	the operation of a vacuum cleaner	of the following statements; accurately property	tree rules
3	operate		a vacuum cleaner		nom operation «state transitive»: of=patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

The dust is attracted by a magnetic field within the device

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 dust	det
2	dust	dust	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 attracted	nsubj:pass
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 attracted	aux:pass
4	attracted	attract	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	by	by	ADP	_	8 field	case
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 field	det
7	magnetic	magnetic	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 field	amod
8	field	field	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 attracted	obl
9	within	within	ADP	_	11 device	case
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 device	det
11	device	device	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 attracted	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	attract	present · passive	a magnetic field	the dust				within the device	vn lure-59.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Patient

Option 2

The nozzle adheres to the dust chemically

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 nozzle	det
2	nozzle	nozzle	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 adheres	nsubj
3	adheres	adhere	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	to	to	ADP	_	6 dust	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 dust	det
6	dust	dust	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 adheres	obl
7	chemically	chemically	ADV	_	3 adheres	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	adhere	present	the nozzle					to the dust; chemically property	vn cling-22.5 «NP V PP.co-theme»: agent=Theme to dust=Co-Theme

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

The external air, at higher pressure, propels the dust into a region of reduced pressure

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 air	det
2	external	external	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 air	amod
3	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 propels	nsubj
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 pressure	punct
5	at	at	ADP	_	7 pressure	case
6	higher	high	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	7 pressure	amod
7	pressure	pressure	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 air	conj
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	3 air	punct
9	propels	propel	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 dust	det
11	dust	dust	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 propels	obj
12	into	into	ADP	_	14 region	case
13	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	14 region	det
14	region	region	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 propels	obl
15	of	of	ADP	_	17 pressure	case
16	reduced	reduce	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	17 pressure	amod
17	pressure	pressure	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 region	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	propel	present	the external air and higher pressure	the dust		a region of reduced pressure			tree rules
2	reduce	participle							vn limit-76 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer

Option 4

The dust is rendered lighter than the surrounding air

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 dust	det
2	dust	dust	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 rendered	nsubj:pass
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 rendered	aux:pass
4	rendered	render	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	lighter	light	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	4 rendered	xcomp
6	than	than	ADP	_	9 air	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 air	det
8	surrounding	surround	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	9 air	amod
9	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 lighter	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	render	present · passive		the dust				light property	vn give-13.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
2	surround	gerund							vn contiguous_location-47.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/physics/16-pressure-tricks-pumps-tyres-vacuums/e2/