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Test 8 · ★★ · Pressure tricks: pumps, tyres and vacuums

In a cartoon a cook opens a pressure cooker the moment it stops hissing and smiles. What is the real rule?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 2 · right ✓ · Who acts: cook, real rule · What happens: open, stop, hiss, smile, be · To what, where: pressure cooker, cartoon, moment

This is test 8 · ★★ of lesson 16 «Pressure tricks: pumps, tyres and vacuums» of the physics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: In a cartoon a cook opens a pressure cooker the moment it stops hissing and smiles.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	3 cartoon	case
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 cartoon	det
3	cartoon	cartoon	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 opens	obl
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 cook	det
5	cook	cook	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 opens	nsubj
6	opens	open	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 cooker	det
8	pressure	pressure	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 cooker	compound
9	cooker	cooker	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 opens	obj
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 moment	det
11	moment	moment	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 opens	obj
12	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	13 stops	nsubj
13	stops	stop	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 moment	acl:relcl
14	hissing	hiss	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	13 stops	xcomp
15	and	and	CCONJ	_	16 smiles	cc
16	smiles	smile	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	13 stops	conj
17	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 opens	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	open	present	a cook	a pressure cooker		a cartoon	moment		vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V NP.theme PP»: agent=Agent cooker=Theme in cartoon=Location
2	stop	present	cook	the moment not said here					tree rules
3	hiss	gerund	cook not said here						vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent
4	smile	present	cook not said here						vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What is the real rule?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	root	root
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	1 What	cop
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 rule	det
4	real	real	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 rule	amod
5	rule	rule	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 What	nsubj
6	?	?	PUNCT	_	1 What	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	the real rule						tree rules

The options

Option 1

Pressure cookers are never hot inside

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Pressure	pressure	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 cookers	compound
2	cookers	cooker	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 hot	nsubj
3	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 hot	cop
4	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	5 hot	advmod
5	hot	hot	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
6	inside	inside	ADV	_	5 hot	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not is	present	Pressure cookers					hot, inside property	tree rules

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Only a grown-up opens it, after the pressure is safely let out

The tree, 13 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Only	only	ADV	_	6 opens	advmod
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 up	det
3	grown	grow	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	5 up	amod
4	-	-	PUNCT	_	5 up	punct
5	up	up	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 opens	nsubj
6	opens	open	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 opens	obj
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 let	punct
9	after	after	SCONJ	_	14 let	mark
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 pressure	det
11	pressure	pressure	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 let	nsubj:pass
12	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	14 let	aux:pass
13	safely	safely	ADV	_	14 let	advmod
14	let	let	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	6 opens	conj
15	out	out	ADP	_	14 let	compound:prt

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	grow	participle							vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	open	present	a grown up	it					vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location it=Theme
3	let out	present · passive		the pressure				safely property	vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme

Option 3

Anyone can open it whenever they like

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Anyone	anyone	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	3 open	nsubj
2	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 open	aux
3	open	open	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
4	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 open	obj
5	whenever	whenever	ADV	PronType=Rel	7 like	advmod
6	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 like	nsubj
7	like	like	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 open	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	open	can	Anyone	it					vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location it=Theme
2	like	present	they					whenever property	vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot

Option 4

You open it fastest by pulling hard on the lid

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	You	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	2 open	nsubj
2	open	open	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 open	obj
4	fastest	fast	ADJ	Degree=Sup	2 open	obl
5	by	by	SCONJ	_	6 pulling	mark
6	pulling	pull	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	2 open	advcl
7	hard	hard	ADV	Degree=Pos	6 pulling	advmod
8	on	on	ADP	_	10 lid	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 lid	det
10	lid	lid	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 pulling	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	open	present	You	it				fastest obl	vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location it=Theme
2	pull	gerund	You not said here					on the lid; hard property	vn push-12-1 «NP V PP-Conative»: agent=Agent on lid=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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