Exam question 1 · What sound is: wobbles in the air

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the phenomenon of sound?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · What happens: follow, characteris · To what, where: phenomenon

This is exam question 1 of lesson 17 «What sound is: wobbles in the air» of the physics course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 phenomenon	det
10	phenomenon	phenomenon	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obj
11	of	of	ADP	_	12 sound	case
12	sound	sound	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 phenomenon	nmod
13	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund							vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present		the phenomenon of sound				of the following statements; accurately property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

It is a stream of particles emitted by the source

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 stream	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 stream	cop
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 stream	det
4	stream	stream	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	of	of	ADP	_	6 particles	case
6	particles	particle	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 stream	nmod
7	emitted	emit	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	6 particles	acl
8	by	by	ADP	_	10 source	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 source	det
10	source	source	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 emitted	obl:agent

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	It	a stream				of particles	tree rules
2	emit	participle		particles not said here					vn substance_emission-43.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Source

Option 2

It is a property solely of the human ear

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 property	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 property	cop
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 property	det
4	property	property	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	solely	solely	ADV	_	4 property	advmod
6	of	of	ADP	_	9 ear	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 ear	det
8	human	human	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 ear	amod
9	ear	ear	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 property	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	It	a property				of the human ear; solely property	tree rules

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

It is a vibration transmitted through a material medium

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 vibration	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 vibration	cop
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 vibration	det
4	vibration	vibration	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	transmitted	transmit	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 vibration	acl
6	through	through	ADP	_	9 medium	case
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 medium	det
8	material	material	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 medium	compound
9	medium	medium	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 transmitted	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	It	a vibration					tree rules
2	transmit	participle		a vibration not said here		a material medium			vn send-11.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

Option 4

It is a form of light perceptible to the ear

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 form	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 form	cop
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 form	det
4	form	form	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	of	of	ADP	_	7 perceptible	case
6	light	light	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 perceptible	compound
7	perceptible	perceptible	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 form	nmod
8	to	to	ADP	_	10 ear	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 ear	det
10	ear	ear	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 perceptible	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	It	a form				of light perceptible to the ear	tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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