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Test 8 · Light and shadows

A driver says a kid in dark clothes "came out of nowhere" at night. What would have helped?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: driver, kid · What happens: say, come out, help · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 8 of lesson 20 «Light and shadows» of the physics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: A driver says a kid in dark clothes "came out of nowhere" at night.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 driver	det
2	driver	driver	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 says	nsubj
3	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 kid	det
5	kid	kid	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 came	nsubj
6	in	in	ADP	_	8 clothes	case
7	dark	dark	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 clothes	amod
8	clothes	clothes	NOUN	Number=Ptan	5 kid	nmod
9	"	"	PUNCT	_	8 clothes	punct
10	came	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 says	ccomp
11	out	out	ADP	_	13 nowhere	case
12	of	of	ADP	_	13 nowhere	case
13	nowhere	nowhere	ADV	PronType=Neg	10 came	advmod
14	"	"	PUNCT	_	13 nowhere	punct
15	at	at	ADP	_	16 night	case
16	night	night	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 came	obl
17	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 says	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	present	a driver						vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	come out in a quote	past	a kid in dark clothes				night	nowhere property	vn become-109.1 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What would have helped?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	4 helped	obj
2	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 helped	aux
3	have	have	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	4 helped	aux
4	helped	help	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	root	root
5	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 helped	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	help	would · perfect							vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Beneficiary

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

A reflective strip or bright vest

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 strip	det
2	reflective	reflective	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 strip	amod
3	strip	strip	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	or	or	CCONJ	_	6 vest	cc
5	bright	bright	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 vest	amod
6	vest	vest	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 strip	conj

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Option 2

Walking along with no light at all

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Walking	walk	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
2	along	along	ADV	_	1 Walking	advmod
3	with	with	ADP	_	5 light	case
4	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	5 light	det
5	light	light	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Walking	obl
6	at	at	ADP	_	7 all	case
7	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	1 Walking	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	walk	gerund				all		with no light; along property	vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme at all=Trajectory

Option 3

Wearing a big woolly hat pulled down low

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Wearing	wear	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	6 pulled	csubj
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 hat	det
3	big	big	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 hat	amod
4	woolly	woolly	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 hat	amod
5	hat	hat	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Wearing	obj
6	pulled	pull	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	down	down	ADV	_	6 pulled	advmod
8	low	low	ADV	Degree=Pos	6 pulled	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	wear	gerund		a big woolly hat					vn wipe_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent hat=Theme
2	pull down	past	Wearing					down, low property	vn slide-11.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 4

A black coat and a pair of dark trousers

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 coat	det
2	black	black	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 coat	amod
3	coat	coat	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	and	and	CCONJ	_	6 pair	cc
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 pair	det
6	pair	pair	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 coat	conj
7	of	of	ADP	_	9 trousers	case
8	dark	dark	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 trousers	amod
9	trousers	trousers	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 pair	nmod

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/physics/20-light-and-shadows/t8/