Test 5 · ★ · Mirrors, rainbows and the blue sky

Why does a heron stab a little beside where the fish appears to be?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 1 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: heron, fish · What happens: stab, appear, be · To what, where: little

This is test 5 · ★ of lesson 21 «Mirrors, rainbows and the blue sky» of the physics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	5 stab	advmod
2	does	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 stab	aux
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 heron	det
4	heron	heron	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 stab	nsubj
5	stab	stab	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 little	det
7	little	little	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 stab	obl:unmarked
8	beside	beside	ADP	_	12 appears	mark
9	where	where	ADV	PronType=Rel	12 appears	advmod
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 fish	det
11	fish	fish	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 appears	nsubj
12	appears	appear	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 stab	advcl
13	to	to	PART	_	14 be	mark
14	be	be	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	12 appears	xcomp
15	?	?	PUNCT	_	5 stab	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	stab	present · do-support	a heron	a little	vn poison-42.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
2	appear	present	the fish		vn seem-109-1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Theme clause=Attribute
3	be	to-infinitive	the fish not said here		vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ✓ the right answer

Light bending at the surface makes the fish look shifted

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Light	light	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 makes	nsubj
2	bending	bend	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	1 Light	acl
3	at	at	ADP	_	5 surface	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 surface	det
5	surface	surface	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 bending	obl
6	makes	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 fish	det
8	fish	fish	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 look	nsubj
9	look	look	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 makes	ccomp
10	shifted	shift	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	9 look	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	where	roles by
1	bend	gerund	Light not said here	the surface	vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent at surface=Location
2	make	present	Light		tree rules
3	look	present	the fish		tree rules
4	shift	participle	the fish not said here		vn caused_calibratable_cos-45.6.2-1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient

Option 2

Herons have bad eyesight

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Herons	heron	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 have	nsubj
2	have	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	bad	bad	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 eyesight	amod
4	eyesight	eyesight	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 have	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	present	Herons	bad eyesight					vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent eyesight=Patient

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice

Fish swim backwards to trick herons

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Fish	fish	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 swim	nsubj
2	swim	swim	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	backwards	backwards	ADV	_	2 swim	advmod
4	to	to	PART	_	5 trick	mark
5	trick	trick	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 swim	advcl
6	herons	heron	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 trick	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	swim	present	Fish					backwards property	vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	trick	to-infinitive	Fish not said here	herons					vn trick-59.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent heron=Patient

Option 4

The heron's beak is bent

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 heron	det
2	heron	heron	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 beak	nmod:poss
3	's	's	PART	_	2 heron	case
4	beak	beak	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 bent	nsubj:pass
5	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 bent	aux:pass
6	bent	bend	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	bend	present · passive		the heron's beak					vn knead-26.5 «NP V NP.material»: subject=Material

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/physics/21-mirrors-rainbows-and-the-blue-sky/t5/