Exam question 2 · Heat moves: hot to cold

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the sensation of coldness upon touching a metal object at ambient temperature?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · What happens: follow, characteris, touch, sense · To what, where: sensation, metal object, ambient temperature, coldness

This is exam question 2 of lesson 23 «Heat moves: hot to cold» of the physics course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 sensation	det
10	sensation	sensation	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obj
11	of	of	ADP	_	12 coldness	case
12	coldness	coldness	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 sensation	nmod
13	upon	upon	SCONJ	_	14 touching	mark
14	touching	touch	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	8 characterises	advcl
15	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	17 object	det
16	metal	metal	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 object	compound
17	object	object	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 touching	obj
18	at	at	ADP	_	20 temperature	case
19	ambient	ambient	ADJ	Degree=Pos	20 temperature	amod
20	temperature	temperature	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 touching	obl
21	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund				vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present	the sensation of coldness		of the following statements; accurately property	tree rules
3	touch	gerund	a metal object	ambient temperature		vn contiguous_location-47.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme object=Co-Theme
4	sense		coldness			nom sensation «cognition transitive»: of=patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

The metal is necessarily of lower temperature than its surroundings

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 metal	det
2	metal	metal	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 temperature	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 temperature	cop
4	necessarily	necessarily	ADV	_	7 temperature	advmod
5	of	of	ADP	_	7 temperature	case
6	lower	low	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	7 temperature	amod
7	temperature	temperature	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
8	than	than	ADP	_	10 surroundings	case
9	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	10 surroundings	nmod:poss
10	surroundings	surroundings	NOUN	Number=Ptan	7 temperature	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	the metal					of lower temperature; than metal's surroundings; necessarily property	tree rules

Option 2

The sensation is wholly imaginary

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 sensation	det
2	sensation	sensation	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 imaginary	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 imaginary	cop
4	wholly	wholly	ADV	_	5 imaginary	advmod
5	imaginary	imaginary	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	the sensation					imaginary, wholly property	tree rules

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

Heat is withdrawn from the hand more rapidly by the metal

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Heat	heat	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 withdrawn	nsubj:pass
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 withdrawn	aux:pass
3	withdrawn	withdraw	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	from	from	ADP	_	6 hand	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 hand	det
6	hand	hand	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 withdrawn	obl
7	more	more	ADV	Degree=Cmp	8 rapidly	advmod
8	rapidly	rapidly	ADV	_	3 withdrawn	advmod
9	by	by	ADP	_	11 metal	case
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 metal	det
11	metal	metal	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 withdrawn	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	withdraw	present · passive		Heat		the hand		by the metal; rapidly property	vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP PP»: subject=Theme from hand=Initial_Location

Option 4

The metal emits cold into the hand

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 metal	det
2	metal	metal	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 emits	nsubj
3	emits	emit	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	cold	cold	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 emits	xcomp
5	into	into	ADP	_	7 hand	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 hand	det
7	hand	hand	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 emits	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	emit	present	the metal			the hand		cold property	vn substance_emission-43.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Source

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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