Mova0.5 pre-release⌕

☰

home / corpora / questions / Physics / Heat moves: hot to cold / e3

Exam question 3 · Heat moves: hot to cold

It is given that the space between the Sun and the Earth is very nearly empty. Ascertain the mode by which solar heat reaches the Earth.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: space, you, solar heat · What happens: give, be, ascertain, reach · To what, where: It, mode, Earth

This is exam question 3 of lesson 23 «Heat moves: hot to cold» of the physics course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: It is given that the space between the Sun and the Earth is very nearly empty.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 given	nsubj:pass
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 given	aux:pass
3	given	give	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	that	that	SCONJ	_	16 empty	mark
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 space	det
6	space	space	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 empty	nsubj
7	between	between	ADP	_	9 Sun	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 Sun	det
9	Sun	Sun	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 space	nmod
10	and	and	CCONJ	_	12 Earth	cc
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 Earth	det
12	Earth	Earth	PROPN	Number=Sing	9 Sun	conj
13	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	16 empty	cop
14	very	very	ADV	_	16 empty	advmod
15	nearly	nearly	ADV	_	16 empty	advmod
16	empty	empty	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 given	advcl
17	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 given	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	give	present · passive		It					vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
2	is	present	the space between the Sun and the Earth					empty, nearly property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Ascertain the mode by which solar heat reaches the Earth.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Ascertain	ascertain	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 mode	det
3	mode	mode	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Ascertain	obj
4	by	by	ADP	_	5 which	case
5	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 reaches	obl
6	solar	solar	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 heat	amod
7	heat	heat	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 reaches	nsubj
8	reaches	reach	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 mode	acl:relcl
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 Earth	det
10	Earth	Earth	PROPN	Number=Sing	8 reaches	obj
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Ascertain	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	ascertain	imperative	you not said here	the mode					vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent mode=Topic
2	reach	present	solar heat	the Earth				by the mode	vn body_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Agent earth=Theme

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

By radiation

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	By	by	ADP	_	2 radiation	case
2	radiation	radiation	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Option 2

By the circulation of air

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	By	by	ADP	_	3 circulation	case
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 circulation	det
3	circulation	circulation	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	of	of	ADP	_	5 air	case
5	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 circulation	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	circulate			air					nom circulation «communication transitive»: of=patient

Option 3

By conduction through matter

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	By	by	ADP	_	2 conduction	case
2	conduction	conduction	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	through	through	ADP	_	4 matter	case
4	matter	matter	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 conduction	nmod

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Option 4

By the motion of water

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	By	by	ADP	_	3 motion	case
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 motion	det
3	motion	motion	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	of	of	ADP	_	5 water	case
5	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 motion	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	motion		water						nom motion «communication intransitive»: of=agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/physics/23-heat-moves-hot-to-cold/e3/