Test 7 · ★★ · Melting, freezing and boiling

Why do people put salt or grit on icy roads rather than wait for the Sun?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 3 · right ✓ · Who acts: people · What happens: put, wait · To what, where: salt, icy roads

This is test 7 · ★★ of lesson 24 «Melting, freezing and boiling» of the physics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	4 put	advmod
2	do	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 put	aux
3	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 put	nsubj
4	put	put	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	salt	salt	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 put	obj
6	or	or	CCONJ	_	7 grit	cc
7	grit	grit	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 salt	conj
8	on	on	ADP	_	10 roads	case
9	icy	icy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 roads	amod
10	roads	road	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 put	obl
11	rather	rather	ADV	ExtPos=CCONJ	13 wait	cc
12	than	than	ADP	_	11 rather	fixed
13	wait	wait	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 put	conj
14	for	for	ADP	_	16 Sun	case
15	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	16 Sun	det
16	Sun	Sun	PROPN	Number=Sing	13 wait	obl
17	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 put	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	put	present · do-support	people	salt or grit		icy roads			vn put-9.1-2 «NP V PP.destination NP»: agent=Agent salt=Theme on road=Destination
2	wait	infinitive	people not said here					for the Sun	vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

Salt stops the road from shrinking in the cold

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Salt	salt	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 stops	nsubj
2	stops	stop	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 road	det
4	road	road	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 stops	obj
5	from	from	SCONJ	_	6 shrinking	mark
6	shrinking	shrink	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	2 stops	advcl
7	in	in	ADP	_	9 cold	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 cold	det
9	cold	cold	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 shrinking	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	stop	present	Salt	the road					vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Subeventuality road=Eventuality
2	shrink	gerund	Salt not said here			the cold			vn bend-45.2 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient

Option 2

The Sun only makes ice thicker and harder

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 Sun	det
2	Sun	Sun	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 makes	nsubj
3	only	only	ADV	_	4 makes	advmod
4	makes	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	ice	ice	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 makes	obj
6	thicker	thick	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	4 makes	xcomp
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 harder	cc
8	harder	hard	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	6 thicker	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	present	the Sun	ice				thick property	vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ice=Product

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

The Sun alone often melts ice slowly

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 Sun	det
2	Sun	Sun	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 melts	nsubj
3	alone	alone	ADV	_	2 Sun	advmod
4	often	often	ADV	_	5 melts	advmod
5	melts	melt	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	ice	ice	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 melts	obj
7	slowly	slowly	ADV	_	5 melts	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	melt	present	the Sun	ice				often, slowly property	vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Patient ice=Result

Option 4

Salt makes the Sun shine harder on the road

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Salt	salt	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 makes	nsubj
2	makes	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 Sun	det
4	Sun	Sun	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 shine	nsubj
5	shine	shine	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 makes	xcomp
6	harder	hard	ADV	Degree=Cmp	5 shine	advmod
7	on	on	ADP	_	9 road	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 road	det
9	road	road	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 shine	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	present	Salt						tree rules
2	shine	present	the Sun			the road		hard property	vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on road=Location

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/physics/24-melting-freezing-and-boiling/t7/