Exam question 2 · Keeping warm and keeping cool: insulation and sweat

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the cooling effect of perspiration?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · What happens: follow, characteris, effect · To what, where: cooling effect, perspiration

This is exam question 2 of lesson 25 «Keeping warm and keeping cool: insulation and sweat» of the physics course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 effect	det
10	cooling	cooling	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 effect	compound
11	effect	effect	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obj
12	of	of	ADP	_	13 perspiration	case
13	perspiration	perspiration	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 effect	nmod
14	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	what, whom	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund			vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present	the cooling effect of perspiration	of the following statements; accurately property	tree rules
3	effect		perspiration		nom effect «phenomenon transitive»: of=patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Perspiration reflects the rays of the Sun

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Perspiration	perspiration	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 reflects	nsubj
2	reflects	reflect	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 rays	det
4	rays	ray	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 reflects	obj
5	of	of	ADP	_	7 Sun	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 Sun	det
7	Sun	Sun	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 rays	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	reflect	present	Perspiration	the rays of the Sun					tree rules
2	ray			the Sun					nom ray «phenomenon transitive»: of=patient

Option 2

Perspiration is intrinsically of low temperature when it is produced

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Perspiration	perspiration	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 temperature	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 temperature	cop
3	intrinsically	intrinsically	ADV	_	6 temperature	advmod
4	of	of	ADP	_	6 temperature	case
5	low	low	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 temperature	amod
6	temperature	temperature	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
7	when	when	ADV	PronType=Int	10 produced	advmod
8	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 produced	nsubj:pass
9	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 produced	aux:pass
10	produced	produce	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	6 temperature	acl:relcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Perspiration					of low temperature; intrinsically property	tree rules
2	produce	present · passive		Perspiration					vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: subject=Result

Option 3

Perspiration seals heat within the skin

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Perspiration	perspiration	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 seals	compound
2	seals	seal	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 heat	nsubj
3	heat	heat	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	within	within	ADP	_	6 skin	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 skin	det
6	skin	skin	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 heat	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	heat	present	Perspiration seals					within the skin	vn cooking-45.3 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

Evaporation of moisture from the skin removes heat from the body

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Evaporation	evaporation	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 removes	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	3 moisture	case
3	moisture	moisture	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Evaporation	nmod
4	from	from	ADP	_	6 skin	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 skin	det
6	skin	skin	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 moisture	nmod
7	removes	remove	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
8	heat	heat	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 removes	obj
9	from	from	ADP	_	11 body	case
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 body	det
11	body	body	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 removes	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	remove	present	Evaporation of moisture from the skin	heat		the body			vn fire-10.10 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent heat=Theme from body=Source
2	evaporate			moisture from the skin					nom evaporation «process transitive»: of=patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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