Exam question 1 · Keeping warm and keeping cool: insulation and sweat

Identify the principal means by which a woollen garment maintains the warmth of the wearer.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you, principal, woollen garment · What happens: identify, mean, maintain · To what, where: warmth · Speech: someone speaks here

This is exam question 1 of lesson 25 «Keeping warm and keeping cool: insulation and sweat» of the physics course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Identify	identify	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 principal	det
3	principal	principal	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 means	nsubj
4	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	1 Identify	ccomp
5	by	by	ADP	_	6 which	case
6	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	10 maintains	obl
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 garment	det
8	woollen	woollen	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 garment	amod
9	garment	garment	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 maintains	nsubj
10	maintains	maintain	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 means	ccomp
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 warmth	det
12	warmth	warmth	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 maintains	obj
13	of	of	ADP	_	15 wearer	case
14	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 wearer	det
15	wearer	wearer	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 warmth	nmod
16	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Identify	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	identify	imperative	you not said here		vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Theme
2	mean	present	the principal		vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
3	maintain	present	a woollen garment	the warmth of the wearer	vn declare-29.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Agent warmth=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

The reflection of the cold of the air away from the body of the wearer

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 reflection	det
2	reflection	reflection	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 body	nsubj
3	of	of	ADP	_	5 cold	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 cold	det
5	cold	cold	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 reflection	nmod
6	of	of	ADP	_	8 air	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 air	det
8	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 cold	nmod
9	away	away	ADV	_	12 body	advmod
10	from	from	ADP	_	12 body	case
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 body	det
12	body	body	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
13	of	of	ADP	_	15 wearer	case
14	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 wearer	det
15	wearer	wearer	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 body	nmod

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Option 2

The generation of heat by the fibres

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 generation	det
2	generation	generation	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	of	of	ADP	_	4 heat	case
4	heat	heat	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 generation	nmod
5	by	by	ADP	_	7 fibres	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 fibres	det
7	fibres	fibre	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 generation	nmod

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

The retention of still air, which is a poor conductor of heat

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 retention	det
2	retention	retention	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	of	of	ADP	_	5 air	case
4	still	still	ADV	_	5 air	advmod
5	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 retention	nmod
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 conductor	punct
7	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	11 conductor	nsubj
8	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 conductor	cop
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 conductor	det
10	poor	poor	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 conductor	amod
11	conductor	conductor	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 retention	appos
12	of	of	ADP	_	13 heat	case
13	heat	heat	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 conductor	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	the retention of air	a poor conductor				of heat	tree rules
2	retain			air					nom retention «act transitive»: of=patient

Option 4

The absorption of heat from the surroundings

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 absorption	det
2	absorption	absorption	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	of	of	ADP	_	4 heat	case
4	heat	heat	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 absorption	nmod
5	from	from	ADP	_	7 surroundings	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 surroundings	det
7	surroundings	surroundings	NOUN	Number=Ptan	2 absorption	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	absorb			heat		the surroundings			nom absorption «process transitive»: of=patient from=place

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/physics/25-keeping-warm-and-keeping-cool/e1/