Exam question 2 · Batteries, circuits and how electricity flows

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the function of a fuse?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · What happens: follow, characteris · To what, where: function

This is exam question 2 of lesson 27 «Batteries, circuits and how electricity flows» of the physics course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 function	det
10	function	function	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obj
11	of	of	ADP	_	13 fuse	case
12	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	13 fuse	det
13	fuse	fuse	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 function	nmod
14	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund							vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present		the function of a fuse				of the following statements; accurately property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

It increases the voltage delivered to household appliances

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 increases	nsubj
2	increases	increase	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 voltage	det
4	voltage	voltage	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 increases	obj
5	delivered	deliver	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 voltage	acl
6	to	to	ADP	_	8 appliances	case
7	household	household	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 appliances	compound
8	appliances	appliance	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 delivered	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	increase	present	It	the voltage					vn caused_calibratable_cos-45.6.2-1 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Causer voltage=Patient
2	deliver	participle		the voltage not said here		household appliances			vn send-11.1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent to appliance=Destination

Option 2

It stores electrical energy against a failure of supply

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 stores	nsubj
2	stores	store	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	electrical	electrical	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 energy	amod
4	energy	energy	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 stores	obj
5	against	against	ADP	_	7 failure	case
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 failure	det
7	failure	failure	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 stores	obl
8	of	of	ADP	_	9 supply	case
9	supply	supply	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 failure	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	store	present	It	electrical energy		a failure of supply			vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent energy=Theme against failure=Location
2	fail		supply						nom failure «act intransitive»: of=agent

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

It melts and interrupts the circuit when an excessive current flows

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 melts	nsubj
2	melts	melt	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	and	and	CCONJ	_	4 interrupts	cc
4	interrupts	interrupt	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 melts	conj
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 circuit	det
6	circuit	circuit	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 interrupts	obj
7	when	when	SCONJ	_	11 flows	mark
8	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 current	det
9	excessive	excessive	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 current	amod
10	current	current	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 flows	nsubj
11	flows	flow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 interrupts	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	melt	present	It		vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
2	interrupt	present		the circuit	tree rules
3	flow	present	a excessive current		vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 4

It converts alternating current into stored chemical energy

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 converts	nsubj
2	converts	convert	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	alternating	alternate	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	2 converts	xcomp
4	current	current	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 alternating	obj
5	into	into	ADP	_	8 energy	case
6	stored	store	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 energy	amod
7	chemical	chemical	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 energy	amod
8	energy	energy	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 alternating	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	roles by
1	convert	present	It			tree rules
2	alternate	gerund		current	stored chemical energy	vn amalgamate-22.2-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent current=Patient
3	store	participle				vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/physics/27-batteries-circuits-and-how-electricity-flows/e2/