Exam question 3 · Batteries, circuits and how electricity flows

Select the response consistent with the established facts concerning the contents of a battery.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: you, established facts · What happens: select, establish, concern · To what, where: response, contents

This is exam question 3 of lesson 27 «Batteries, circuits and how electricity flows» of the physics course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Select	select	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 response	det
3	response	response	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Select	obj
4	consistent	consistent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	1 Select	xcomp
5	with	with	ADP	_	8 facts	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 facts	det
7	established	establish	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 facts	amod
8	facts	fact	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 consistent	obl
9	concerning	concern	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	8 facts	acl
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 contents	det
11	contents	contents	NOUN	Number=Ptan	9 concerning	obj
12	of	of	ADP	_	14 battery	case
13	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	14 battery	det
14	battery	battery	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 contents	nmod
15	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Select	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	select	imperative	you not said here	the response	consistent property	vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent response=Theme
2	establish	participle				vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot
3	concern	gerund	the established facts not said here	the contents of a battery		vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus contents=Experiencer

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Energy is stored in chemical form and released as a current

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Energy	energy	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 stored	nsubj:pass
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 stored	aux:pass
3	stored	store	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	in	in	ADP	_	6 form	case
5	chemical	chemical	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 form	amod
6	form	form	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 stored	obl
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 released	cc
8	released	release	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 stored	conj
9	as	as	ADP	_	11 current	case
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 current	det
11	current	current	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 released	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	store	present · passive		Energy		chemical form			vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: subject=Theme in form=Location
2	release	participle						as a current	vn free-10.6.3-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Causer

Option 2

It contains no energy at all until it is connected to a switch

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 contains	nsubj
2	contains	contain	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	4 energy	det
4	energy	energy	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 contains	obj
5	at	at	ADP	_	6 all	case
6	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	2 contains	obl
7	until	until	SCONJ	_	10 connected	mark
8	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 connected	nsubj:pass
9	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 connected	aux:pass
10	connected	connect	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 contains	advcl
11	to	to	ADP	_	13 switch	case
12	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	13 switch	det
13	switch	switch	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 connected	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	contain	present	It	no energy		all			vn comprise-107.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot energy=Theme
2	connect	present · passive		energy				to a switch	vn mix-22.1-2-1 «NP V NP PP.co-patient»: subject=Patient to switch=Co-Patient

Option 3

Electricity is retained within it in liquid form

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Electricity	electricity	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 retained	nsubj:pass
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 retained	aux:pass
3	retained	retain	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	within	within	ADP	_	5 it	case
5	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 retained	obl
6	in	in	ADP	_	8 form	case
7	liquid	liquid	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 form	amod
8	form	form	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 retained	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	retain	present · passive		Electricity		liquid form		within it	tree rules

Option 4

It contains a small quantity of compressed lightning

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 contains	nsubj
2	contains	contain	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 quantity	det
4	small	small	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 quantity	amod
5	quantity	quantity	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 contains	obj
6	of	of	ADP	_	8 lightning	case
7	compressed	compress	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 lightning	amod
8	lightning	lightning	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 quantity	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	contain	present	It	a small quantity of compressed lightning					vn comprise-107.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot quantity=Theme
2	compress	participle							vn bend-45.2 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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