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Test 2 · Batteries, circuits and how electricity flows

Sam joins a bulb to a battery with only one wire. Why doesn't it light?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: Sam, bulb · What happens: join, do, not light · To what, where: bulb

This is test 2 of lesson 27 «Batteries, circuits and how electricity flows» of the physics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: Sam joins a bulb to a battery with only one wire.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Sam	Sam	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 joins	nsubj
2	joins	join	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 bulb	det
4	bulb	bulb	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 joins	obj
5	to	to	ADP	_	7 battery	case
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 battery	det
7	battery	battery	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 joins	obl
8	with	with	ADP	_	11 wire	case
9	only	only	ADV	_	10 one	advmod
10	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	11 wire	nummod
11	wire	wire	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 joins	obl
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 joins	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	join	present	Sam	a bulb				to a battery; with one wire	vn mix-22.1-2-1 «NP V NP PP.co-patient»: agent=Agent bulb=Patient to battery=Co-Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Why doesn't it light?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	root	root
2	does	do	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	1 Why	conj
3	n't	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	5 light	advmod
4	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 light	nsubj
5	light	light	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 does	obj
6	?	?	PUNCT	_	1 Why	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	do	present							vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	not light		bulb						tree rules

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

There is no complete loop for the electricity to flow round

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	There	there	PRON	PronType=Dem	2 is	expl
2	is	be	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	5 loop	det
4	complete	complete	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 loop	amod
5	loop	loop	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 is	nsubj
6	for	for	ADP	_	8 electricity	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 electricity	det
8	electricity	electricity	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 loop	nmod
9	to	to	PART	_	10 flow	mark
10	flow	flow	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 loop	acl
11	round	round	ADV	_	10 flow	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	be	present	no complete loop for the electricity			there			vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	flow	to-infinitive	no complete loop for the electricity not said here					round property	vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 2

One wire is too short to carry electricity

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	One	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	2 wire	nummod
2	wire	wire	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 short	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 short	cop
4	too	too	ADV	_	5 short	advmod
5	short	short	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
6	to	to	PART	_	7 carry	mark
7	carry	carry	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 short	xcomp
8	electricity	electricity	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 carry	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	One wire					short property	tree rules
2	carry	to-infinitive	One wire not said here	electricity					vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent electricity=Theme

Option 3

The bulb needs to warm up first

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 bulb	det
2	bulb	bulb	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 needs	nsubj
3	needs	need	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	to	to	PART	_	5 warm	mark
5	warm	warm	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 needs	xcomp
6	up	up	ADP	_	5 warm	compound:prt
7	first	first	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Ord	5 warm	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	need	present	the bulb						vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme
2	warm up not said to happen	to-infinitive	the bulb not said here					first property	vn cooking-45.3 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient

Option 4

The battery only works with a switch

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 battery	det
2	battery	battery	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 works	nsubj
3	only	only	ADV	_	4 works	advmod
4	works	work	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	with	with	ADP	_	7 switch	case
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 switch	det
7	switch	switch	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 works	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	work	present	the battery					with a switch	vn cooperate-73.1-3 «NP V PP.co-agent PP.theme»: agent=Agent with switch=Co-Agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/physics/27-batteries-circuits-and-how-electricity-flows/t2/