Exam question 4 · Levers: lifting heavy things with a little push

Select the response consistent with the established facts concerning the human forearm.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you, established facts · What happens: select, establish, concern · To what, where: response, human forearm

This is exam question 4 of lesson 33 «Levers: lifting heavy things with a little push» of the physics course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Select	select	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 response	det
3	response	response	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Select	obj
4	consistent	consistent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	1 Select	xcomp
5	with	with	ADP	_	8 facts	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 facts	det
7	established	establish	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 facts	amod
8	facts	fact	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 consistent	obl
9	concerning	concern	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	8 facts	acl
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 forearm	det
11	human	human	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 forearm	amod
12	forearm	forearm	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 concerning	obj
13	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Select	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	select	imperative	you not said here	the response	consistent property	vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent response=Theme
2	establish	participle				vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot
3	concern	gerund	the established facts not said here	the human forearm		vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus forearm=Experiencer

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

It constitutes a pulley, the wrist serving as its wheel

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 constitutes	nsubj
2	constitutes	constitute	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 pulley	det
4	pulley	pulley	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 constitutes	obj
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 wrist	punct
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 wrist	det
7	wrist	wrist	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 pulley	appos
8	serving	serve	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	7 wrist	acl
9	as	as	ADP	_	11 wheel	case
10	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	11 wheel	nmod:poss
11	wheel	wheel	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 serving	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	constitute	present	It	a pulley					vn comprise-107.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme pulley=Pivot
2	serve	gerund	the wrist not said here					as wrist's wheel	vn masquerade-29.6-2 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Agent as wheel=Attribute

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

It constitutes a lever, the elbow serving as its pivot

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 constitutes	nsubj
2	constitutes	constitute	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 lever	det
4	lever	lever	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 constitutes	obj
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 elbow	punct
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 elbow	det
7	elbow	elbow	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 lever	conj
8	serving	serve	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	7 elbow	acl
9	as	as	ADP	_	11 pivot	case
10	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	11 pivot	nmod:poss
11	pivot	pivot	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 serving	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	constitute	present	It	a lever and the elbow					vn comprise-107.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme lever=Pivot
2	serve	gerund	the elbow not said here					as elbow's pivot	vn masquerade-29.6-2 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Agent as pivot=Attribute

Option 3

It constitutes a screw, the shoulder serving as its thread

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 constitutes	nsubj
2	constitutes	constitute	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 screw	det
4	screw	screw	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 constitutes	obj
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 shoulder	punct
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 shoulder	det
7	shoulder	shoulder	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 screw	appos
8	serving	serve	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	7 shoulder	acl
9	as	as	ADP	_	11 thread	case
10	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	11 thread	nmod:poss
11	thread	thread	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 serving	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	constitute	present	It	a screw					vn comprise-107.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme screw=Pivot
2	serve	gerund	the shoulder not said here					as shoulder's thread	vn masquerade-29.6-2 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Agent as thread=Attribute

Option 4

It operates by no mechanical principle whatsoever

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 operates	nsubj
2	operates	operate	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	by	by	ADP	_	6 principle	case
4	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	6 principle	det
5	mechanical	mechanical	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 principle	amod
6	principle	principle	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 operates	obl
7	whatsoever	whatsoever	ADV	_	2 operates	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	operate	present	It					by no mechanical principle; whatsoever property	vn function-105.2.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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