Exam question 4 · Wheels, axles, ramps and screws
Select the response consistent with the established facts concerning the wheel and axle.
Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you, established facts · What happens: select, establish, concern · To what, where: response, wheel
This is exam question 4 of lesson 34 «Wheels, axles, ramps and screws» of the physics course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Select | select | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 response | det |
| 3 | response | response | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Select | obj |
| 4 | consistent | consistent | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 1 Select | xcomp |
| 5 | with | with | ADP | _ | 8 facts | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 facts | det |
| 7 | established | establish | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 8 facts | amod |
| 8 | facts | fact | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 consistent | obl |
| 9 | concerning | concern | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 8 facts | acl |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 wheel | det |
| 11 | wheel | wheel | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 concerning | obj |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 13 axle | cc |
| 13 | axle | axle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 wheel | conj |
| 14 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 1 Select | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | select | imperative | you not said here | the response | consistent property | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent response=Theme | |||
| 2 | establish | participle | vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot | ||||||
| 3 | concern | gerund | the established facts not said here | the wheel and axle | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus wheel=Experiencer |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The options
Option 1 · ← Mova's choice
A force applied to the axle produces a greater turning effect upon the wheel
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 force | det |
| 2 | force | force | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 produces | nsubj |
| 3 | applied | apply | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 2 force | acl |
| 4 | to | to | ADP | _ | 6 axle | case |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 axle | det |
| 6 | axle | axle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 applied | obl |
| 7 | produces | produce | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 8 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 11 effect | det |
| 9 | greater | great | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 10 turning | amod |
| 10 | turning | turn | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 11 effect | amod |
| 11 | effect | effect | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 produces | obj |
| 12 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 14 wheel | case |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 wheel | det |
| 14 | wheel | wheel | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 effect | nmod |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | apply | participle | a force not said here | to the axle | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | produce | present | a force | a turning effect | upon the wheel | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent effect=Result | |||
| 3 | turn | gerund | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme |
Option 2
The wheel and axle create energy for the operator
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 wheel | det |
| 2 | wheel | wheel | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 create | nsubj |
| 3 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 4 axle | cc |
| 4 | axle | axle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 wheel | conj |
| 5 | create | create | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | energy | energy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 create | obj |
| 7 | for | for | ADP | _ | 9 operator | case |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 operator | det |
| 9 | operator | operator | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 create | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | create | present | the wheel and axle | energy | for the operator | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent energy=Result for operator=Beneficiary |
Option 3
The wheel and axle function solely upon inclined surfaces
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 wheel | det |
| 2 | wheel | wheel | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 3 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 5 function | cc |
| 4 | axle | axle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 function | compound |
| 5 | function | function | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 wheel | conj |
| 6 | solely | solely | ADV | _ | 9 surfaces | advmod |
| 7 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 9 surfaces | case |
| 8 | inclined | inclined | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 surfaces | amod |
| 9 | surfaces | surface | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 wheel | nmod |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Option 4 · ✓ the right answer
A force applied to the larger wheel produces a greater turning effect upon the axle
The tree, 15 words
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 force | det |
| 2 | force | force | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 produces | nsubj |
| 3 | applied | apply | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 2 force | acl |
| 4 | to | to | ADP | _ | 7 wheel | case |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 wheel | det |
| 6 | larger | large | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 7 wheel | amod |
| 7 | wheel | wheel | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 applied | obl |
| 8 | produces | produce | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 9 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 12 effect | det |
| 10 | greater | great | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 11 turning | amod |
| 11 | turning | turn | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 12 effect | amod |
| 12 | effect | effect | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 produces | obj |
| 13 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 15 axle | case |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 axle | det |
| 15 | axle | axle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 effect | nmod |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | apply | participle | a force not said here | to the larger wheel | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | produce | present | a force | a turning effect | upon the axle | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent effect=Result | |||
| 3 | turn | gerund | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme |
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/physics/34-wheels-axles-ramps-and-screws/e4/