Test 11 · ★★ · Pulleys, gears and big machines

Why can a small motor raise a heavy lift full of people?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: small motor · What happens: raise · To what, where: heavy lift

This is test 11 · ★★ of lesson 35 «Pulleys, gears and big machines» of the physics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	6 raise	advmod
2	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	6 raise	aux
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 motor	det
4	small	small	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 motor	amod
5	motor	motor	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 raise	nsubj
6	raise	raise	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 lift	det
8	heavy	heavy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 lift	amod
9	lift	lift	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 raise	obj
10	full	full	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 lift	amod
11	of	of	ADP	_	12 people	case
12	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 full	obl
13	?	?	PUNCT	_	6 raise	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	raise	can	a small motor	a heavy lift					vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lift=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

The counterweight balances most of the weight

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 counterweight	det
2	counterweight	counterweight	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 balances	nsubj
3	balances	balance	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	most	most	ADJ	Degree=Sup	3 balances	obj
5	of	of	ADP	_	7 weight	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 weight	det
7	weight	weight	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 most	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	balance	present	the counterweight	most of the weight					vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location most=Theme

Option 2

The cables pull upward on their own without any motor

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 cables	det
2	cables	cable	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 pull	nsubj
3	pull	pull	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	upward	upward	ADV	_	3 pull	advmod
5	on	on	ADP	_	7 own	case
6	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	7 own	nmod:poss
7	own	own	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 pull	obl
8	without	without	ADP	_	10 motor	case
9	any	any	DET	PronType=Ind	10 motor	det
10	motor	motor	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 pull	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	pull	present	the cables					without any motor; on cables's own; upward property	vn push-12-1 «NP V PP-Conative»: agent=Agent on own=Theme

Option 3

The lift is filled with helium

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 lift	det
2	lift	lift	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 filled	nsubj:pass
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 filled	aux:pass
4	filled	fill	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	with	with	ADP	_	6 helium	case
6	helium	helium	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 filled	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	fill	present · passive		the lift				with helium	vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: subject=Patient with helium=Instrument

Option 4

People weigh less in lifts

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	People	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 weigh	nsubj
2	weigh	weigh	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	less	less	ADV	Degree=Cmp	2 weigh	advmod
4	in	in	ADP	_	5 lifts	case
5	lifts	lift	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 weigh	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	weigh	present	People			lifts		less property	vn register-54.1-2-1 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/physics/35-pulleys-gears-and-big-machines/t11/