Test 2 · ★★ · Pulleys, gears and big machines
A builder hooks his rope through four pulleys instead of one. Why does he have to pull so much rope?
Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: builder · What happens: hook, have, pull · To what, where: rope, four pulleys, much rope
This is test 2 · ★★ of lesson 35 «Pulleys, gears and big machines» of the physics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
Sentence 1: A builder hooks his rope through four pulleys instead of one.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 builder | det |
| 2 | builder | builder | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 hooks | nsubj |
| 3 | hooks | hook | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 5 rope | nmod:poss |
| 5 | rope | rope | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 hooks | obj |
| 6 | through | through | ADP | _ | 8 pulleys | case |
| 7 | four | four | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 8 pulleys | nummod |
| 8 | pulleys | pulley | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 hooks | obl |
| 9 | instead | instead | ADV | ExtPos=ADP | 11 one | case |
| 10 | of | of | ADP | _ | 9 instead | fixed |
| 11 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 3 hooks | obl |
| 12 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 hooks | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | hook | present | a builder | builder's rope | four pulleys | instead one | vn coil-9.6-1 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent rope=Theme through pulley=Destination |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: Why does he have to pull so much rope?
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Why | why | ADV | PronType=Int | 4 have | advmod |
| 2 | does | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 have | aux |
| 3 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 have | nsubj |
| 4 | have | have | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 5 | to | to | PART | _ | 6 pull | mark |
| 6 | pull | pull | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 4 have | xcomp |
| 7 | so | so | ADV | _ | 8 much | advmod |
| 8 | much | much | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 rope | amod |
| 9 | rope | rope | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 pull | obj |
| 10 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 4 have | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | have | present · do-support | builder | tree rules | |||||
| 2 | pull | to-infinitive | builder not said here | much rope | vn push-12-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rope=Theme |
The options
Option 1 · ← Mova's choice
He is pulling the wrong end
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 pulling | nsubj |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 pulling | aux |
| 3 | pulling | pull | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 end | det |
| 5 | wrong | wrong | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 end | amod |
| 6 | end | end | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 pulling | obj |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | pull | present · progressive | He | the wrong end | vn push-12-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent end=Theme |
Option 2
The extra pulleys make the rope stretchy
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 pulleys | det |
| 2 | extra | extra | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 pulleys | amod |
| 3 | pulleys | pulley | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 make | nsubj |
| 4 | make | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 rope | det |
| 6 | rope | rope | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 make | obj |
| 7 | stretchy | stretchy | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 make | xcomp |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | make | present | the extra pulleys | the rope | stretchy property | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset rope=Product |
Option 3
Four pulleys make the load heavier, so he needs more rope
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Four | four | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 2 pulleys | nummod |
| 2 | pulleys | pulley | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 make | nsubj |
| 3 | make | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 load | det |
| 5 | load | load | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 make | obj |
| 6 | heavier | heavy | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 3 make | xcomp |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 needs | punct |
| 8 | so | so | ADV | _ | 10 needs | advmod |
| 9 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 10 needs | nsubj |
| 10 | needs | need | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 make | conj |
| 11 | more | more | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 12 rope | amod |
| 12 | rope | rope | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 needs | obj |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | make | present | Four pulleys | the load | heavy property | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset load=Product | |||
| 2 | need | present | he | more rope | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot rope=Theme |
Option 4 · ✓ the right answer
Less force means pulling over a longer distance
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Less | less | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 2 force | amod |
| 2 | force | force | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 means | nsubj |
| 3 | means | mean | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | pulling | pull | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 3 means | xcomp |
| 5 | over | over | ADP | _ | 8 distance | case |
| 6 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 8 distance | det |
| 7 | longer | long | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 8 distance | amod |
| 8 | distance | distance | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 pulling | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | mean | present | Less force | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 2 | pull not said to happen | gerund | Less force not said here | over a longer distance | vn slide-11.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/physics/35-pulleys-gears-and-big-machines/t2/