Exam question 3 · Rockets, record speeds and motion everywhere

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the motion of a person seated at rest upon the Earth?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 1 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: person · What happens: follow, characteris, seat, motion · To what, where: motion, person, rest

This is exam question 3 of lesson 38 «Rockets, record speeds and motion everywhere» of the physics course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 motion	det
10	motion	motion	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obj
11	of	of	ADP	_	13 person	case
12	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	13 person	det
13	person	person	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 motion	nmod
14	seated	seat	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	13 person	acl
15	at	at	ADP	_	16 rest	case
16	rest	rest	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 seated	obl
17	upon	upon	ADP	_	19 Earth	case
18	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	19 Earth	det
19	Earth	Earth	PROPN	Number=Sing	16 rest	nmod
20	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund					vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present		the motion of a person		of the following statements; accurately property	tree rules
3	seat	participle		a person not said here	rest upon the Earth		vn fit-54.3 «NP.location V NP»: agent=Location
4	motion		a person				nom motion «communication intransitive»: of=agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ✓ the right answer

The person is borne round the Sun at approximately one hundred thousand kilometres per hour

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 person	det
2	person	person	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 borne	nsubj:pass
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 borne	aux:pass
4	borne	bear	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	round	round	ADP	_	7 Sun	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 Sun	det
7	Sun	Sun	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 borne	obl
8	at	at	ADP	_	13 kilometres	case
9	approximately	approximately	ADV	_	12 thousand	advmod
10	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	11 hundred	compound
11	hundred	hundred	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	12 thousand	compound
12	thousand	thousand	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	13 kilometres	nummod
13	kilometres	kilometre	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 borne	obl
14	per	per	ADP	_	15 hour	case
15	hour	hour	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 kilometres	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	bear	present · passive		the person		thousand kilometres per hour		round the Sun	vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient

Option 2

The person moves solely when walking

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 person	det
2	person	person	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 moves	nsubj
3	moves	move	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	solely	solely	ADV	_	3 moves	advmod
5	when	when	ADV	PronType=Int	6 walking	advmod
6	walking	walk	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	3 moves	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	move	present	the person					solely property	vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme
2	walk	gerund	the person not said here						vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice

The person is wholly at rest in every respect

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 person	det
2	person	person	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 rest	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 rest	cop
4	wholly	wholly	ADV	_	6 rest	advmod
5	at	at	ADP	_	6 rest	case
6	rest	rest	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
7	in	in	ADP	_	9 respect	case
8	every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	9 respect	det
9	respect	respect	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 rest	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	the person			rest		in every respect; wholly property	tree rules

Option 4

The person moves at approximately forty kilometres per hour

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 person	det
2	person	person	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 moves	nsubj
3	moves	move	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	at	at	ADP	_	7 kilometres	case
5	approximately	approximately	ADV	_	6 forty	advmod
6	forty	forty	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	7 kilometres	nummod
7	kilometres	kilometre	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 moves	obl
8	per	per	ADP	_	9 hour	case
9	hour	hour	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 kilometres	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	move	present	the person			forty kilometres per hour			vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme at kilometre=Trajectory

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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