Test 5 · Pushes and pulls: what makes things move and stop

What would happen to a book on a table if the table were taken away?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · What happens: happen, take away · To what, where: table

This is test 5 of lesson 4 «Pushes and pulls: what makes things move and stop» of the physics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	3 happen	nsubj
2	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 happen	aux
3	happen	happen	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
4	to	to	ADP	_	6 book	case
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 book	det
6	book	book	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 happen	obl
7	on	on	ADP	_	9 table	case
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 table	det
9	table	table	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 book	nmod
10	if	if	SCONJ	_	14 taken	mark
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 table	det
12	table	table	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 taken	nsubj:pass
13	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	14 taken	aux:pass
14	taken	take	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 happen	advcl
15	away	away	ADV	_	14 taken	advmod
16	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 happen	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	happen	would						to a book on a table	vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	take away a condition, not said to happen	past · passive		the table				away property	vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

It would stay because books have no weight

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 stay	nsubj
2	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 stay	aux
3	stay	stay	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
4	because	because	SCONJ	_	6 have	mark
5	books	book	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 have	nsubj
6	have	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 stay	advcl
7	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	8 weight	det
8	weight	weight	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 have	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	stay	would	It						vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	have	present	books	no weight					vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent weight=Patient

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

It would fall, with only gravity left

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 fall	nsubj
2	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 fall	aux
3	fall	fall	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 gravity	punct
5	with	with	ADP	_	7 gravity	case
6	only	only	ADV	_	7 gravity	advmod
7	gravity	gravity	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 fall	obl
8	left	leave	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	7 gravity	acl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	fall	would	It					with gravity	vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	leave	participle		gravity not said here					vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 3

It would slowly drift up

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 drift	nsubj
2	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 drift	aux
3	slowly	slowly	ADV	_	4 drift	advmod
4	drift	drift	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	up	up	ADP	_	4 drift	compound:prt

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	drift up	would	It					slowly property	vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 4

It would stay floating in the air

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 stay	nsubj
2	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 stay	aux
3	stay	stay	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
4	floating	float	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	3 stay	xcomp
5	in	in	ADP	_	7 air	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 air	det
7	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 floating	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	stay	would	It						tree rules
2	float	gerund				the air			vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in air=Trajectory

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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