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Test 2 · ★★★ · Olympiad: speed, space and seasons ★★★

Uncle Dave: "It's summer cos we're closest to the Sun, innit." Put him right.

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: It, we, you · What happens: be, put · To what, where: summer, Dave

This is test 2 · ★★★ of lesson 44 «Olympiad: speed, space and seasons ★★★» of the physics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: Uncle Dave: "It's summer cos we're closest to the Sun, innit."

compoundpunctpunctnsubjcopapposcasensubjcopconjcasedetoblpunctappospunctpunctrootUnclePROPNDavePROPN:PUNCT"PUNCTItPRON'sAUXsummerNOUNcosSCONJwePRON'reAUXclosestADJtoADPtheDETSunPROPN,PUNCTinnitNOUN.PUNCT"PUNCT
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1UncleUnclePROPNNumber=Sing2 Davecompound
2DaveDavePROPNNumber=Singrootroot
3::PUNCT_7 summerpunct
4""PUNCT_7 summerpunct
5ItitPRONCase=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs7 summernsubj
6'sbeAUXMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin7 summercop
7summersummerNOUNNumber=Sing2 Daveappos
8coscosSCONJ_11 closestcase
9wewePRONCase=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs11 closestnsubj
10'rebeAUXMood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin11 closestcop
11closestcloseADJDegree=Sup7 summerconj
12totoADP_14 Suncase
13thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art14 Sundet
14SunSunPROPNNumber=Sing11 closestobl
15,,PUNCT_16 innitpunct
16innitinnitNOUNNumber=Sing2 Daveappos
17..PUNCT_2 Davepunct
18""PUNCT_2 Davepunct
#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1is a in a quotepresentItsummertree rules
2is in a quotepresentweto the Sun; close propertytree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Put him right.

objadvmodpunctrootPutVERBhimPRONrightADV.PUNCT
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1PutputVERBMood=Imp VerbForm=Finrootroot
2himhePRONCase=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs1 Putobj
3rightrightADV_1 Putadvmod
4..PUNCT_1 Putpunct
#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1putimperativeyou not said hereDaveright propertyvn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent he=Goal

The options

Option 1

We are only closest to the Sun in July

nsubjcopadvmodcasedetoblcaseoblrootWePRONareAUXonlyADVclosestADJtoADPtheDETSunPROPNinADPJulyPROPN
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1WewePRONCase=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs4 closestnsubj
2arebeAUXMood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin4 closestcop
3onlyonlyADV_4 closestadvmod
4closestcloseADJDegree=Suprootroot
5totoADP_7 Suncase
6thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art7 Sundet
7SunSunPROPNNumber=Sing4 closestobl
8ininADP_9 Julycase
9JulyJulyPROPNNumber=Sing4 closestobl
#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1ispresentWejulyto the Sun; close propertytree rules

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice

The Sun itself gets hotter every summer

detnsubjnmodxcompdetobl:unmarkedrootTheDETSunPROPNitselfPRONgetsVERBhotterADJeveryDETsummerNOUN
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1ThetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art2 Sundet
2SunSunPROPNNumber=Sing4 getsnsubj
3itselfitselfPRONCase=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Emp Reflex=Yes2 Sunnmod
4getsgetVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Finrootroot
5hotterhotADJDegree=Cmp4 getsxcomp
6everyeveryDETPronType=Tot7 summerdet
7summersummerNOUNNumber=Sing4 getsobl:unmarked
#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1getpresentthe Sun Sunsummerhot propertyvn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer

Option 3

He is right, that is how the seasons work

nsubjcoppunctnsubjcopadvmoddetnsubjadvclrootHePRONisAUXrightADJ,PUNCTthatPRONisAUXhowADVtheDETseasonsNOUNworkVERB
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1HehePRONCase=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs3 rightnsubj
2isbeAUXMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin3 rightcop
3rightrightADJDegree=Posrootroot
4,,PUNCT_7 howpunct
5thatthatPRONNumber=Sing PronType=Dem7 hownsubj
6isbeAUXMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin7 howcop
7howhowADVPronType=Int10 workadvmod
8thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art9 seasonsdet
9seasonsseasonNOUNNumber=Plur10 worknsubj
10workworkVERBMood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin3 rightadvcl
#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1ispresentHeright propertytree rules
2ispresentthathow propertytree rules
3workpresentthe seasonsvn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

The tilt makes summer; we are nearest in January

detnsubjobjpunctnsubjcopxcompcaseoblrootTheDETtiltNOUNmakesVERBsummerNOUN;PUNCTwePRONareAUXnearestADJinADPJanuaryPROPN
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1ThetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art2 tiltdet
2tilttiltNOUNNumber=Sing3 makesnsubj
3makesmakeVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Finrootroot
4summersummerNOUNNumber=Sing3 makesobj
5;;PUNCT_8 nearestpunct
6wewePRONCase=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs8 nearestnsubj
7arebeAUXMood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin8 nearestcop
8nearestnearADJDegree=Sup3 makesxcomp
9ininADP_10 Januarycase
10JanuaryJanuaryPROPNNumber=Sing8 nearestobl
#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1makepresentthe tiltsummervn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset
2ispresentwejanuarynear propertytree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/physics/44-olympiad-speed-space-and-seasons/t2/