Exam question 1 · Pushes and pulls all around us

Identify the principal reason for which a pedestrian is enabled to progress forwards.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you · What happens: identify, enable · To what, where: principal reason, pedestrian

This is exam question 1 of lesson 5 «Pushes and pulls all around us» of the physics course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Identify	identify	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 reason	det
3	principal	principal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 reason	amod
4	reason	reason	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Identify	obj
5	for	for	ADP	_	6 which	case
6	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	10 enabled	obl
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 pedestrian	det
8	pedestrian	pedestrian	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 enabled	nsubj:pass
9	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 enabled	aux:pass
10	enabled	enable	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 reason	acl:relcl
11	to	to	PART	_	13 forwards	mark
12	progress	progress	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 forwards	compound
13	forwards	forward	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 enabled	advcl
14	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Identify	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	identify	imperative	you not said here	the principal reason					vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent reason=Theme
2	enable	present · passive		a pedestrian				for the principal reason	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

The gravitational attraction acts in the forward direction

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 acts	det
2	gravitational	gravitational	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 acts	amod
3	attraction	attraction	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 acts	compound
4	acts	act	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
5	in	in	ADP	_	8 direction	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 direction	det
7	forward	forward	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 direction	amod
8	direction	direction	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 acts	nmod

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

The ground exerts a forward force in response to the backward push of the foot

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 ground	det
2	ground	ground	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 exerts	nsubj
3	exerts	exert	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 force	det
5	forward	forward	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 force	amod
6	force	force	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 exerts	obj
7	in	in	ADP	_	8 response	case
8	response	response	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 exerts	obl
9	to	to	ADP	_	12 push	case
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 push	det
11	backward	backward	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 push	amod
12	push	push	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 exerts	obl
13	of	of	ADP	_	15 foot	case
14	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 foot	det
15	foot	foot	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 push	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	exert	present	the ground	a forward force		response		to the backward push of the foot	vn use-105.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent force=Theme
2	push		the foot						nom push «act intransitive»: of=agent

Option 3

The air ahead is displaced by the motion of the body

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 air	det
2	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 displaced	nsubj:pass
3	ahead	ahead	ADV	_	2 air	advmod
4	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 displaced	aux:pass
5	displaced	displace	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
6	by	by	ADP	_	8 motion	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 motion	det
8	motion	motion	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 displaced	obl
9	of	of	ADP	_	11 body	case
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 body	det
11	body	body	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 motion	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	displace	present · passive	the motion of the body	the air					tree rules
2	motion		the body						nom motion «communication intransitive»: of=agent

Option 4

The legs generate a force entirely within the body

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 legs	det
2	legs	leg	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 generate	nsubj
3	generate	generate	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 force	det
5	force	force	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 generate	obj
6	entirely	entirely	ADV	_	3 generate	advmod
7	within	within	ADP	_	9 body	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 body	det
9	body	body	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 generate	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	generate	present	the legs	a force				within the body; entirely property	vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent force=Patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/physics/5-pushes-and-pulls-all-around-us/e1/