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Test 11 · ★★ · Riding a bike: why it stays up

A tyre goes flat and the rim bumps on the road. Why did it feel hard before?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: tyre, rim · What happens: go, bump, feel · To what, where: road

This is test 11 · ★★ of lesson 9 «Riding a bike: why it stays up» of the physics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: A tyre goes flat and the rim bumps on the road.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 tyre	det
2	tyre	tyre	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 goes	nsubj
3	goes	go	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	flat	flat	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 goes	xcomp
5	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 bumps	cc
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 rim	det
7	rim	rim	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 bumps	nsubj
8	bumps	bump	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 goes	conj
9	on	on	ADP	_	11 road	case
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 road	det
11	road	road	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 bumps	obl
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 goes	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	go	present	a tyre					flat property	vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	bump	present	the rim			the road			vn bump-18.4-1 «NP V together»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Why did it feel hard before?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	4 feel	advmod
2	did	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 feel	aux
3	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 feel	nsubj
4	feel	feel	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	hard	hard	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 feel	xcomp
6	before	before	SCONJ	_	5 hard	advmod
7	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 feel	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	feel	past · do-support	rim					hard property	vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Many air molecules pushed on the rubber

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Many	many	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 molecules	amod
2	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 molecules	compound
3	molecules	molecule	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
4	pushed	push	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 molecules	acl
5	on	on	ADP	_	7 rubber	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 rubber	det
7	rubber	rubber	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 pushed	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	push	participle		Many air molecules not said here				on the rubber	vn push-12-1-1 «NP V PP-Conative»: agent=Agent on rubber=Theme

Option 2

The rubber was frozen solid by the cold air pumped into it

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 rubber	det
2	rubber	rubber	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 frozen	nsubj:pass
3	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 frozen	aux:pass
4	frozen	freeze	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	solid	solid	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 frozen	xcomp
6	by	by	ADP	_	9 air	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 air	det
8	cold	cold	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 air	amod
9	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 frozen	obl
10	pumped	pump	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	9 air	acl
11	into	into	ADP	_	12 it	case
12	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 pumped	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	freeze	past · passive	the cold air	the rubber				solid property	vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Patient subject=Result
2	pump	participle		the cold air not said here		rubber			vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme into it=Destination

Option 3

The metal inside was bigger

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 metal	det
2	metal	metal	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 bigger	nsubj
3	inside	inside	ADV	_	2 metal	advmod
4	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 bigger	cop
5	bigger	big	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	past	the metal					big property	tree rules

Option 4

The tyre was full of water

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 tyre	det
2	tyre	tyre	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 full	nsubj
3	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 full	cop
4	full	full	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	of	of	ADP	_	6 water	case
6	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 full	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	past	the tyre					of water; full property	tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/physics/9-riding-a-bike/t11/