Exam question 4 · Prices, money and jobs: why everything costs more

It is given that a product is reduced in weight whereas its price remains unchanged. Determine the measure which permits a shopper to compare its value accurately.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: price, you, measure, shopper · What happens: give, reduce, remain, determine, permit, compare · To what, where: It, product, weight, measure, shopper, value

This is exam question 4 of lesson 18 «Prices, money and jobs: why everything costs more» of the politics course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: It is given that a product is reduced in weight whereas its price remains unchanged.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 given	nsubj:pass
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 given	aux:pass
3	given	give	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	that	that	SCONJ	_	8 reduced	mark
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 product	det
6	product	product	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 reduced	nsubj:pass
7	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 reduced	aux:pass
8	reduced	reduce	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 given	advcl
9	in	in	ADP	_	10 weight	case
10	weight	weight	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 reduced	obl
11	whereas	whereas	SCONJ	_	14 remains	mark
12	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	13 price	nmod:poss
13	price	price	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 remains	nsubj
14	remains	remain	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 reduced	advcl
15	unchanged	unchanged	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 remains	xcomp
16	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 given	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	give	present · passive		It			vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
2	reduce	present · passive		a product	weight		vn limit-76 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient
3	remain	present	product's price			unchanged property	vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Determine the measure which permits a shopper to compare its value accurately.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Determine	determine	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 measure	det
3	measure	measure	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Determine	obj
4	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	5 permits	nsubj
5	permits	permit	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 measure	acl:relcl
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 shopper	det
7	shopper	shopper	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 permits	obj
8	to	to	PART	_	9 compare	mark
9	compare	compare	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 permits	advcl
10	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	11 value	nmod:poss
11	value	value	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 compare	obj
12	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	9 compare	advmod
13	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Determine	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	determine	imperative	you not said here	the measure		vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent measure=Topic
2	permit	present	the measure	a shopper		vn admit-64.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent shopper=Theme
3	compare	to-infinitive	the measure not said here	shopper's value	accurately property	vn amalgamate-22.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent value=Patient
4	value		shopper			nom value «cognition transitive»: poss=agent

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

The unit price, such as the price per one hundred grams

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 price	det
2	unit	unit	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 price	compound
3	price	price	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 price	punct
5	such	such	ADJ	Degree=Pos ExtPos=ADP	8 price	case
6	as	as	ADP	_	5 such	fixed
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 price	det
8	price	price	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 price	nmod
9	per	per	ADP	_	12 grams	case
10	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	11 hundred	compound
11	hundred	hundred	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	12 grams	nummod
12	grams	gram	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 price	nmod

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Option 2

The colour and design of the packaging upon the shelf

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 colour	det
2	colour	colour	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	and	and	CCONJ	_	4 design	cc
4	design	design	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 colour	conj
5	of	of	ADP	_	7 packaging	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 packaging	det
7	packaging	packaging	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 colour	nmod
8	upon	upon	ADP	_	10 shelf	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 shelf	det
10	shelf	shelf	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 colour	nmod

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Option 3

The size of the box, irrespective of its contents

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 size	det
2	size	size	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	of	of	ADP	_	5 box	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 box	det
5	box	box	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 size	nmod
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 contents	punct
7	irrespective	irrespective	ADV	_	10 contents	advmod
8	of	of	ADP	_	10 contents	case
9	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	10 contents	nmod:poss
10	contents	contents	NOUN	Number=Ptan	2 size	conj

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Option 4

The number of advertisements broadcast for the product

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 number	det
2	number	number	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 broadcast	nsubj
3	of	of	ADP	_	4 advertisements	case
4	advertisements	advertisement	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 number	nmod
5	broadcast	broadcast	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	for	for	ADP	_	8 product	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 product	det
8	product	product	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 broadcast	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	broadcast speech: other	present	the number of advertisements					for the product	vn instr_communication-37.4.1 «NP V for NP S_INF»: agent=Agent for product=Topic

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/politics/18-prices-money-and-jobs-why-everything-costs-more/e4/