Exam question 4 · Immigration and borders

Whereas one speaker employs the term "illegal immigration" and another the term "irregular migration", determine the principal significance of the difference.

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 1 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: one speaker, term, you · What happens: employ, migration, determine · To what, where: term, principal significance

This is exam question 4 of lesson 19 «Immigration and borders» of the politics course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Whereas	whereas	SCONJ	_	4 employs	mark
2	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	3 speaker	nummod
3	speaker	speaker	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 employs	nsubj
4	employs	employ	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	20 determine	advcl
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 term	det
6	term	term	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 employs	obj
7	"	"	PUNCT	_	9 immigration	punct
8	illegal	illegal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 immigration	amod
9	immigration	immigration	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 term	appos
10	"	"	PUNCT	_	9 immigration	punct
11	and	and	CCONJ	_	17 migration	cc
12	another	another	DET	PronType=Ind	17 migration	det
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 term	det
14	term	term	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 migration	nsubj
15	"	"	PUNCT	_	17 migration	punct
16	irregular	irregular	ADJ	Degree=Pos	17 migration	amod
17	migration	migration	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 term	conj
18	"	"	PUNCT	_	17 migration	punct
19	,	,	PUNCT	_	20 determine	punct
20	determine	determine	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
21	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	23 significance	det
22	principal	principal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	23 significance	amod
23	significance	significance	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 determine	obj
24	of	of	ADP	_	26 difference	case
25	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	26 difference	det
26	difference	difference	NOUN	Number=Sing	23 significance	nmod
27	.	.	PUNCT	_	20 determine	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	employ	present	one speaker	the term and another irregular migration	vn hire-13.5.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent term=Theme
2	migration in a quote		the term		tree rules
3	determine	imperative	you not said here	the principal significance of the difference	vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent significance=Topic

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ✓ the right answer

The choice of term reflects the speaker's view, although both refer largely to the same persons

The tree, 17 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 choice	det
2	choice	choice	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 reflects	nsubj
3	of	of	ADP	_	4 term	case
4	term	term	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 choice	nmod
5	reflects	reflect	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 speaker	det
7	speaker	speaker	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 view	nmod:poss
8	's	's	PART	_	7 speaker	case
9	view	view	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 reflects	obj
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 refer	punct
11	although	although	SCONJ	_	13 refer	mark
12	both	both	DET	PronType=Tot	13 refer	nsubj
13	refer	refer	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 reflects	conj
14	largely	largely	ADV	_	13 refer	advmod
15	to	to	ADP	_	18 persons	case
16	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	18 persons	det
17	same	same	ADJ	Degree=Pos	18 persons	amod
18	persons	person	NOUN	Number=Plur	13 refer	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	reflect	present	the choice of term	the speaker's view		tree rules
2	refer	present	both		to the same persons; largely property	vn relate-86.2-2 «NP V PP.co-theme»: agent=Theme to person=Co-Theme
3	view		the speaker			nom view «cognition transitive»: poss=agent

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice

The terms denote wholly unrelated groups of persons, who are never to be confused with one another

The tree, 17 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 terms	det
2	terms	term	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 denote	nsubj
3	denote	denote	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	wholly	wholly	ADV	_	3 denote	advmod
5	unrelated	unrelated	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 groups	amod
6	groups	group	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 denote	obj
7	of	of	ADP	_	8 persons	case
8	persons	person	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 groups	nmod
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	15 confused	punct
10	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	15 confused	nsubj:pass
11	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	15 confused	aux:pass
12	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	15 confused	advmod
13	to	to	PART	_	15 confused	mark
14	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	15 confused	aux:pass
15	confused	confuse	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	6 groups	acl
16	with	with	ADP	_	17 one	case
17	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	15 confused	obl
18	another	another	DET	PronType=Ind	17 one	fixed

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	denote	present	the terms	unrelated groups of persons				wholly property	vn indicate-78 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot group=Topic
2	not confuse	present · passive	the terms not said here	unrelated groups of persons				with one	vn amalgamate-22.2-2 «NP V NP PP.co-patient»: subject=Patient with one=Co-Patient

Option 3

One term refers exclusively to tourists

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	One	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	2 term	nummod
2	term	term	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 refers	nsubj
3	refers	refer	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	exclusively	exclusively	ADV	_	3 refers	advmod
5	to	to	ADP	_	6 tourists	case
6	tourists	tourist	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 refers	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	refer	present	One term					to tourists; exclusively property	vn relate-86.2-2 «NP V PP.co-theme»: agent=Theme to tourist=Co-Theme

Option 4

Neither term refers to any person at all

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Neither	neither	DET	PronType=Neg	2 term	det
2	term	term	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 refers	nsubj
3	refers	refer	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	to	to	ADP	_	6 person	case
5	any	any	DET	PronType=Ind	6 person	det
6	person	person	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 refers	obl
7	at	at	ADP	_	8 all	case
8	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	3 refers	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	refer	present	neither term			all		to any person	vn relate-86.2-2 «NP V PP.co-theme»: agent=Theme to person=Co-Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/politics/19-immigration-and-borders/e4/