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Test 3 · ★ · Guns, school safety and arguments about schools

A friend says: «Australia banned every single gun in 1996.» How do you correct it?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: friend, Australia, you · What happens: say, ban, correct · To what, where: single gun, 1996, gun · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 3 · ★ of lesson 22 «Guns, school safety and arguments about schools» of the politics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: A friend says: «Australia banned every single gun in 1996.»

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 friend	det
2	friend	friend	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 says	nsubj
3	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	:	:	PUNCT	_	7 banned	punct
5	«	«	PUNCT	_	7 banned	punct
6	Australia	Australia	PROPN	Number=Sing	7 banned	nsubj
7	banned	ban	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 says	ccomp
8	every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	10 gun	det
9	single	single	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 gun	amod
10	gun	gun	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 banned	obj
11	in	in	ADP	_	12 1996	case
12	1996	1996	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	7 banned	obl
13	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 says	punct
14	»	»	PUNCT	_	3 says	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	present	a friend						vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	ban in a quote	past	Australia	every single gun		1996			vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer gun=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: How do you correct it?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	How	how	ADV	PronType=Int	4 correct	advmod
2	do	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 correct	aux
3	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	4 correct	nsubj
4	correct	correct	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 correct	obj
6	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 correct	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	correct speech: disagree	present · do-support	you	gun					vn remedy-45.7 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent it=Patient

The options

Option 1

Australia handed out more guns in 1996

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Australia	Australia	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 handed	nsubj
2	handed	hand	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	out	out	ADP	_	2 handed	compound:prt
4	more	more	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	5 guns	amod
5	guns	gun	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 handed	obj
6	in	in	ADP	_	7 1996	case
7	1996	1996	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	2 handed	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	hand out	past	Australia	more guns		1996			vn contribute-13.2 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent gun=Theme

Option 2

Australia has never had any gun laws

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Australia	Australia	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 had	nsubj
2	has	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 had	aux
3	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	4 had	advmod
4	had	have	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	root	root
5	any	any	DET	PronType=Ind	7 laws	det
6	gun	gun	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 laws	compound
7	laws	law	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 had	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not have	present · perfect	Australia	any gun laws					vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent law=Patient

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice

Right, nobody in Australia may own any gun at all, not even farmers with a licence

The tree, 16 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Right	right	INTJ	_	7 own	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Right	punct
3	nobody	nobody	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	7 own	nsubj
4	in	in	ADP	_	5 Australia	case
5	Australia	Australia	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 nobody	nmod
6	may	may	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	7 own	aux
7	own	own	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
8	any	any	DET	PronType=Ind	9 gun	det
9	gun	gun	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 own	obj
10	at	at	ADP	_	11 all	case
11	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	7 own	obl
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	15 farmers	punct
13	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	15 farmers	advmod
14	even	even	ADV	_	15 farmers	advmod
15	farmers	farmer	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 own	conj
16	with	with	ADP	_	18 licence	case
17	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	18 licence	det
18	licence	licence	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 own	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	own	may	nobody	any gun		all		with a licence	vn own-100.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot gun=Theme

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

Many kinds were banned and bought back, but some guns are still allowed with a licence

The tree, 16 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Many	many	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 kinds	amod
2	kinds	kind	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 banned	nsubj:pass
3	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 banned	aux:pass
4	banned	ban	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	and	and	CCONJ	_	6 bought	cc
6	bought	buy	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 banned	conj
7	back	back	ADV	_	6 bought	advmod
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 allowed	punct
9	but	but	CCONJ	_	14 allowed	cc
10	some	some	DET	PronType=Ind	11 guns	det
11	guns	gun	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 allowed	nsubj:pass
12	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	14 allowed	aux:pass
13	still	still	ADV	_	14 allowed	advmod
14	allowed	allow	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 banned	conj
15	with	with	ADP	_	17 licence	case
16	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	17 licence	det
17	licence	licence	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 allowed	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	ban	past · passive		Many kinds					vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
2	buy back	participle							vn accept-77.1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent
3	allow	present · passive		some guns			still	with a licence	vn allow-64.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Beneficiary

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/politics/22-guns-school-safety-and-arguments-about-schools/t3/