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Test 9 · ★ · Guns, school safety and arguments about schools

In an action film a teacher fights off a whole gang single-handed. What is the real-world argument?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 3 · right ✓ · Who acts: teacher, world argument · What happens: fight off, hand, be · To what, where: whole gang, action film

This is test 9 · ★ of lesson 22 «Guns, school safety and arguments about schools» of the politics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: In an action film a teacher fights off a whole gang single-handed.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	4 film	case
2	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 film	det
3	action	action	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 film	compound
4	film	film	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 fights	obl
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 teacher	det
6	teacher	teacher	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 fights	nsubj
7	fights	fight	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
8	off	off	ADP	_	7 fights	compound:prt
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 gang	det
10	whole	whole	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 gang	amod
11	gang	gang	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 fights	obj
12	single	single	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 handed	amod
13	-	-	PUNCT	_	12 single	punct
14	handed	hand	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	11 gang	acl
15	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 fights	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	fight off	present	a teacher	a whole gang		a action film			vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent gang=Co-Agent
2	hand	participle		a whole gang not said here					vn send-11.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What is the real-world argument?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	root	root
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	1 What	cop
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 argument	det
4	real	real	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 world	amod
5	-	-	PUNCT	_	4 real	punct
6	world	world	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 argument	compound
7	argument	argument	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 What	nsubj
8	?	?	PUNCT	_	1 What	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	the world argument						tree rules

The options

Option 1

Films show exactly how school safety works

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Films	film	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 show	nsubj
2	show	show	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	exactly	exactly	ADV	_	7 works	advmod
4	how	how	ADV	PronType=Int	7 works	advmod
5	school	school	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 safety	compound
6	safety	safety	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 works	nsubj
7	works	work	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 show	ccomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	show	present	Films						vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	work	present	school safety					exactly property	vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 2

Armed teachers are required in the UK

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Armed	armed	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 teachers	amod
2	teachers	teacher	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 required	nsubj:pass
3	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 required	aux:pass
4	required	require	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	in	in	ADP	_	7 UK	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 UK	det
7	UK	UK	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 required	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	require	present · passive		Armed teachers		the UK			vn require-103-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Precondition

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Some say trained armed staff could help; others say more guns in school means more risk

The tree, 16 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Some	some	DET	PronType=Ind	2 say	nsubj
2	say	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	trained	train	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	5 staff	amod
4	armed	armed	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 staff	amod
5	staff	staff	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 help	nsubj
6	could	could	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	7 help	aux
7	help	help	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 say	ccomp
8	;	;	PUNCT	_	10 say	punct
9	others	other	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 say	nsubj
10	say	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 say	parataxis
11	more	more	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	12 guns	amod
12	guns	gun	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 say	obj
13	in	in	ADP	_	14 school	case
14	school	school	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 means	obl
15	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 say	ccomp
16	more	more	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	17 risk	amod
17	risk	risk	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 means	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	present	Some						vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	train	participle							vn hire-13.5.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
3	help	could	trained armed staff						vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent
4	say speech: assert	present	others	more guns					tree rules
5	mean	present		more risk				in school	vn representation-110.1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Pivot risk=Theme in school=Attribute

Option 4

Every teacher in the US already carries a gun, so the film shows a normal school day

The tree, 17 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	2 teacher	det
2	teacher	teacher	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 carries	nsubj
3	in	in	ADP	_	5 US	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 US	det
5	US	US	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 teacher	nmod
6	already	already	ADV	_	7 carries	advmod
7	carries	carry	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 gun	det
9	gun	gun	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 carries	obj
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 shows	punct
11	so	so	ADV	_	14 shows	advmod
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 film	det
13	film	film	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 shows	nsubj
14	shows	show	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 carries	conj
15	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	18 day	det
16	normal	normal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	18 day	amod
17	school	school	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 day	compound
18	day	day	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 shows	obl:unmarked

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	carry	present	every teacher in the US	a gun					vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent gun=Theme
2	show	present	the film				day		vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/politics/22-guns-school-safety-and-arguments-about-schools/t9/