Test 1 · ★ · Russia's full-scale invasion of Ukraine

A boy in Boston says: «wicked confusing, my grandpa says Kiev and my teacher writes Kyiv, who's wrong?» What is the best answer?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 2 · right ✓ · Who acts: boy, grandpa, teacher, Kyiv, best answer · What happens: say, write, be · To what, where: Kyiv · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 1 · ★ of lesson 24 «Russia's full-scale invasion of Ukraine» of the politics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: A boy in Boston says: «wicked confusing, my grandpa says Kiev and my teacher writes Kyiv, who's wrong?»

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 boy	det
2	boy	boy	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 says	nsubj
3	in	in	ADP	_	4 Boston	case
4	Boston	Boston	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 boy	nmod
5	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	:	:	PUNCT	_	9 confusing	punct
7	«	«	PUNCT	_	9 confusing	punct
8	wicked	wicked	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 confusing	amod
9	confusing	confusing	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 says	ccomp
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 says	punct
11	my	my	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	12 grandpa	nmod:poss
12	grandpa	grandpa	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 says	nsubj
13	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 says	parataxis
14	Kiev	Kiev	PROPN	Number=Sing	13 says	nsubj
15	and	and	CCONJ	_	18 writes	cc
16	my	my	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	17 teacher	nmod:poss
17	teacher	teacher	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 writes	nsubj
18	writes	write	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	13 says	conj
19	Kyiv	Kyiv	PROPN	Number=Sing	18 writes	obj
20	,	,	PUNCT	_	23 wrong	punct
21	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	23 wrong	nsubj
22	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	23 wrong	cop
23	wrong	wrong	ADJ	Degree=Pos	19 Kyiv	conj
24	?	?	PUNCT	_	5 says	punct
25	»	»	PUNCT	_	5 says	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	say speech: ask	present	a boy in Boston			vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	say speech: assert in a quote	present	my grandpa			vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
3	write in a quote	present	my teacher	Kyiv		vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent kyiv=Theme
4	is in a quote	present	Kyiv		wrong property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What is the best answer?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	root	root
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	1 What	cop
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 answer	det
4	best	good	ADJ	Degree=Sup	5 answer	amod
5	answer	answer	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 What	nsubj
6	?	?	PUNCT	_	1 What	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	the best answer						tree rules

The options

Option 1

Kyiv is a spelling mistake that the teacher keeps making, and Grandpa's spelling is the only right one

The tree, 19 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Kyiv	Kyiv	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 mistake	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 mistake	cop
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 mistake	det
4	spelling	spelling	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 mistake	compound
5	mistake	mistake	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	9 keeps	obj
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 teacher	det
8	teacher	teacher	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 keeps	nsubj
9	keeps	keep	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 mistake	acl:relcl
10	making	make	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	9 keeps	xcomp
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	20 one	punct
12	and	and	CCONJ	_	20 one	cc
13	Grandpa	Grandpa	PROPN	Number=Sing	15 spelling	nmod:poss
14	's	's	PART	_	13 Grandpa	case
15	spelling	spelling	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 one	nsubj
16	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	20 one	cop
17	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	20 one	det
18	only	only	ADJ	Degree=Pos	20 one	amod
19	right	right	ADJ	Degree=Pos	20 one	amod
20	one	one	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 mistake	parataxis

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	is a	present	Kyiv	a spelling mistake	tree rules
2	keep	present	the teacher	a spelling mistake	tree rules
3	make	gerund	a spelling mistake not said here		vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset
4	is a	present	Grandpa's spelling	the only right one	tree rules
5	spell		Grandpa		nom spelling «communication transitive»: poss=agent

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Kyiv comes from Ukrainian and is now standard; Kiev is the older spelling from Russian

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Kyiv	Kyiv	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 comes	nsubj
2	comes	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	from	from	ADP	_	4 Ukrainian	case
4	Ukrainian	Ukrainian	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 comes	obl
5	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 standard	cc
6	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 standard	cop
7	now	now	ADV	PronType=Dem	8 standard	advmod
8	standard	standard	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 comes	conj
9	;	;	PUNCT	_	14 spelling	punct
10	Kiev	Kiev	PROPN	Number=Sing	14 spelling	nsubj
11	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	14 spelling	cop
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 spelling	det
13	older	old	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	14 spelling	amod
14	spelling	spelling	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 comes	obl
15	from	from	ADP	_	16 Russian	case
16	Russian	Russian	PROPN	Number=Sing	14 spelling	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	come	present	Kyiv		Ukrainian			vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from ukrainian=Initial_Location
2	is	present	Kyiv not said here			now	standard property	tree rules
3	is a	present	Kiev	the older spelling	Russian			tree rules

Option 3

They are two different cities a long way apart

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 cities	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 cities	cop
3	two	two	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	5 cities	nummod
4	different	different	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 cities	amod
5	cities	city	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 way	det
7	long	long	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 way	amod
8	way	way	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 apart	obl:unmarked
9	apart	apart	ADV	_	5 cities	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	They	two different cities				apart property	tree rules

Option 4

Kiev is the only correct spelling

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Kiev	Kiev	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 spelling	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 spelling	cop
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 spelling	det
4	only	only	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 spelling	amod
5	correct	correct	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 spelling	amod
6	spelling	spelling	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	Kiev	the only correct spelling					tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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