Test 3 · ★ · Russia's full-scale invasion of Ukraine

A girl in Cardiff says: «Mum's tamping, the gas bill's doubled. How can a war that far away do that?» What is the link?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: girl, tamping, war, link · What happens: say, double, do, be · To what, where: gas bill, war · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 3 · ★ of lesson 24 «Russia's full-scale invasion of Ukraine» of the politics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: A girl in Cardiff says: «Mum's tamping, the gas bill's doubled.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 girl	det
2	girl	girl	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 says	nsubj
3	in	in	ADP	_	4 Cardiff	case
4	Cardiff	Cardiff	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 girl	nmod
5	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	:	:	PUNCT	_	10 tamping	punct
7	«	«	PUNCT	_	10 tamping	punct
8	Mum	mum	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 tamping	nmod:poss
9	's	's	PART	_	8 Mum	case
10	tamping	tamping	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 says	ccomp
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 doubled	punct
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 bill	det
13	gas	gas	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 bill	compound
14	bill	bill	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 doubled	nsubj:pass
15	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	16 doubled	aux:pass
16	doubled	double	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	10 tamping	acl:relcl
17	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 says	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	present	a girl in Cardiff						vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
2	double in a quote	present · passive	Mum's tamping not said here	the gas bill					vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: subject=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: How can a war that far away do that?»

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	How	how	ADV	PronType=Int	2 can	advmod
2	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 war	det
4	war	war	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 can	nsubj
5	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 do	nsubj
6	far	far	ADV	Degree=Pos	7 away	advmod
7	away	away	ADV	_	8 do	advmod
8	do	do	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 war	acl:relcl
9	that	that	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	8 do	obj
10	?	?	PUNCT	_	2 can	punct
11	»	»	PUNCT	_	2 can	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	do	infinitive	a war	a war				away property	vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent that=Eventuality

Sentence 3: What is the link?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	root	root
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	1 What	cop
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 link	det
4	link	link	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 What	nsubj
5	?	?	PUNCT	_	1 What	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	the link						tree rules

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

The war switched off the Sun over Europe for a whole winter, so everyone had to burn more gas to keep warm

The tree, 22 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 war	det
2	war	war	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 switched	nsubj
3	switched	switch	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	off	off	ADP	_	3 switched	compound:prt
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 Sun	det
6	Sun	Sun	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 switched	obj
7	over	over	ADP	_	8 Europe	case
8	Europe	Europe	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 switched	obl
9	for	for	ADP	_	12 winter	case
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 winter	det
11	whole	whole	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 winter	amod
12	winter	winter	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 switched	obl
13	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 had	punct
14	so	so	ADV	_	16 had	advmod
15	everyone	everyone	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Tot	16 had	nsubj
16	had	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 switched	conj
17	to	to	PART	_	18 burn	mark
18	burn	burn	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	16 had	xcomp
19	more	more	ADV	Degree=Cmp	20 gas	advmod
20	gas	gas	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 burn	obj
21	to	to	PART	_	22 keep	mark
22	keep	keep	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	18 burn	advcl
23	warm	warm	ADJ	Degree=Pos	22 keep	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	switch off	past	the war	the Sun	Europe	winter		vn convert-26.6.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sun=Patient
2	have	past	everyone					tree rules
3	burn	to-infinitive	everyone not said here	gas				vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent gas=Theme
4	keep	to-infinitive	everyone not said here				warm property	vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

Russia sold much of Europe's gas, supplies were cut, and prices jumped

The tree, 13 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Russia	Russia	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 sold	nsubj
2	sold	sell	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	much	much	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 sold	obj
4	of	of	ADP	_	7 gas	case
5	Europe	Europe	PROPN	Number=Sing	7 gas	nmod:poss
6	's	's	PART	_	5 Europe	case
7	gas	gas	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 much	nmod
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 cut	punct
9	supplies	supplies	NOUN	Number=Ptan	11 cut	nsubj:pass
10	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	11 cut	aux:pass
11	cut	cut	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 sold	parataxis
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	15 jumped	punct
13	and	and	CCONJ	_	15 jumped	cc
14	prices	price	NOUN	Number=Plur	15 jumped	nsubj
15	jumped	jump	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 sold	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	sell	past	Russia	much of Europe's gas	vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent much=Theme
2	cut	past · passive		supplies	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product
3	jump	past	prices		vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 3

The bill went up because Wales joined the war

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 bill	det
2	bill	bill	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 went	nsubj
3	went	go	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	up	up	ADP	_	3 went	compound:prt
5	because	because	SCONJ	_	7 joined	mark
6	Wales	Wales	PROPN	Number=Sing	7 joined	nsubj
7	joined	join	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 went	advcl
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 war	det
9	war	war	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 joined	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	go up	past	the bill						vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute
2	join	past	Wales	the war					vn mix-22.1-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent war=Patient

Option 4

Wales gets all its gas from Kharkiv

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Wales	Wales	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 gets	nsubj
2	gets	get	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	5 gas	det:predet
4	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	5 gas	nmod:poss
5	gas	gas	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 gets	obj
6	from	from	ADP	_	7 Kharkiv	case
7	Kharkiv	Kharkiv	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 gets	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	get	present	Wales	its gas		Kharkiv			vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent gas=Theme from kharkiv=Source

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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