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Test 6 · ★★★ · Refugees, aid and sanctions: how the world helps and pushes

Ruby's friend compares sanctions to the class refusing to swap cards with a cheat. Where does the comparison break down?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: friend, comparison · What happens: compare, refuse, not swap, break down · To what, where: sanctions, cards

This is test 6 · ★★★ of lesson 30 «Refugees, aid and sanctions: how the world helps and pushes» of the politics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: Ruby's friend compares sanctions to the class refusing to swap cards with a cheat.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Ruby	Ruby	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 friend	nmod:poss
2	's	's	PART	_	1 Ruby	case
3	friend	friend	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 compares	nsubj
4	compares	compare	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	sanctions	sanction	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 compares	obj
6	to	to	ADP	_	8 class	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 class	det
8	class	class	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 compares	obl
9	refusing	refuse	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	4 compares	advcl
10	to	to	PART	_	11 swap	mark
11	swap	swap	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	9 refusing	xcomp
12	cards	card	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 swap	obj
13	with	with	ADP	_	15 cheat	case
14	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	15 cheat	det
15	cheat	cheat	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 swap	obl
16	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 compares	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	compare	present	Ruby's friend	sanctions				to the class	vn amalgamate-22.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sanction=Patient
2	refuse	gerund	Ruby's friend not said here						vn reject-77.2 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Theme
3	not swap	to-infinitive	Ruby's friend not said here	cards				with a cheat	vn exchange-13.6.1 «NP V NP PP.co-agent»: agent=Agent card=Theme with cheat=Co-Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Where does the comparison break down?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Where	where	ADV	PronType=Rel	5 break	advmod
2	does	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 break	aux
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 comparison	det
4	comparison	comparison	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 break	nsubj
5	break	break	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
6	down	down	ADP	_	5 break	compound:prt
7	?	?	PUNCT	_	5 break	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	break down	present · do-support	the comparison						vn break-45.1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Countries cannot trade anything at all

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Countries	country	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 trade	nsubj
2	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 trade	aux
3	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	4 trade	advmod
4	trade	trade	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	anything	anything	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	4 trade	obj
6	at	at	ADP	_	7 all	case
7	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	4 trade	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not trade	can	Countries	anything		all			vn exchange-13.6.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent anything=Theme

Option 2

Sanctions only affect trading cards

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Sanctions	sanction	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 affect	nsubj
2	only	only	ADV	_	3 affect	advmod
3	affect	affect	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	trading	trading	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 cards	compound
5	cards	card	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 affect	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	affect	present	Sanctions	trading cards					vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus card=Experiencer

Option 3

It is exactly the same in every way, because a country is just a very big class with a leader

The tree, 20 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 same	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 same	cop
3	exactly	exactly	ADV	_	5 same	advmod
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 same	det
5	same	same	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
6	in	in	ADP	_	8 way	case
7	every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	8 way	det
8	way	way	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 same	obl
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	18 class	punct
10	because	because	SCONJ	_	18 class	mark
11	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 country	det
12	country	country	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 class	nsubj
13	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	18 class	cop
14	just	just	ADV	_	18 class	advmod
15	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	18 class	det
16	very	very	ADV	_	17 big	advmod
17	big	big	ADJ	Degree=Pos	18 class	amod
18	class	class	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 same	parataxis
19	with	with	ADP	_	21 leader	case
20	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	21 leader	det
21	leader	leader	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 class	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	It			every way		exactly, same property	tree rules
2	is a	present	a country	a big class				with a leader	tree rules

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

In a country, ordinary people who did nothing wrong may also pay the cost

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	3 country	case
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 country	det
3	country	country	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 pay	obl
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	3 country	punct
5	ordinary	ordinary	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 people	amod
6	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	13 pay	nsubj
7	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 did	nsubj
8	did	do	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	6 people	acl:relcl
9	nothing	nothing	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	8 did	obj
10	wrong	wrong	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 nothing	amod
11	may	may	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	13 pay	aux
12	also	also	ADV	_	13 pay	advmod
13	pay	pay	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
14	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 cost	det
15	cost	cost	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 pay	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	do	past	ordinary people	nothing					vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent nothing=Eventuality
2	pay	may	ordinary people	the cost		a country			vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cost=Asset

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/politics/30-refugees-aid-and-sanctions-how-the-world-helps-and-pushes/t6/