Exam question 1 · Bots, troll farms and deepfakes in elections
Which of the following most accurately characterises a "bot" in the context of online platforms?
Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 2 · right ✓ · What happens: follow, characteris · To what, where: bot, context
This is exam question 1 of lesson 32 «Bots, troll farms and deepfakes in elections» of the politics course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 7 characterises | nsubj |
| 2 | of | of | SCONJ | _ | 7 characterises | mark |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 characterises | det |
| 4 | following | follow | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 7 characterises | csubj |
| 5 | most | most | ADV | Degree=Sup | 6 accurately | advmod |
| 6 | accurately | accurately | ADV | _ | 7 characterises | advmod |
| 7 | characterises | characteris | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 8 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 10 bot | det |
| 9 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 10 bot | punct |
| 10 | bot | bot | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 characterises | obj |
| 11 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 10 bot | punct |
| 12 | in | in | ADP | _ | 14 context | case |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 context | det |
| 14 | context | context | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 characterises | obl |
| 15 | of | of | ADP | _ | 17 platforms | case |
| 16 | online | online | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 17 platforms | amod |
| 17 | platforms | platform | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 context | nmod |
| 18 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 7 characterises | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | follow | gerund | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 2 | characteris | present | a bot | the context of online platforms | accurately property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The options
Option 1
A journalist employed by a public broadcaster
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 journalist | det |
| 2 | journalist | journalist | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 3 | employed | employ | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 2 journalist | acl |
| 4 | by | by | ADP | _ | 7 broadcaster | case |
| 5 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 broadcaster | det |
| 6 | public | public | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 broadcaster | amod |
| 7 | broadcaster | broadcaster | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 employed | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | employ | participle | a journalist not said here | by a public broadcaster | vn hire-13.5.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer
A computer program which posts automatically whilst purporting to be a person
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 3 program | det |
| 2 | computer | computer | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 program | compound |
| 3 | program | program | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 4 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 5 posts | nsubj |
| 5 | posts | post | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 program | acl:relcl |
| 6 | automatically | automatically | ADV | _ | 5 posts | advmod |
| 7 | whilst | whilst | SCONJ | _ | 8 purporting | mark |
| 8 | purporting | purport | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 5 posts | advcl |
| 9 | to | to | PART | _ | 12 person | mark |
| 10 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 12 person | cop |
| 11 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 12 person | det |
| 12 | person | person | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 purporting | advcl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | post | present | a computer program | automatically property | vn send-11.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | purport | gerund | a computer program not said here | tree rules | |||||
| 3 | is a | to-infinitive | a computer program not said here | a person | tree rules |
Option 3
A natural person who posts with considerable frequency, typically upon matters of sport or entertainment
The tree, 15 words
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 3 person | det |
| 2 | natural | natural | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 person | amod |
| 3 | person | person | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 4 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 5 posts | nsubj |
| 5 | posts | post | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 person | acl:relcl |
| 6 | with | with | ADP | _ | 8 frequency | case |
| 7 | considerable | considerable | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 frequency | amod |
| 8 | frequency | frequency | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 posts | obl |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 matters | punct |
| 10 | typically | typically | ADV | _ | 12 matters | advmod |
| 11 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 12 matters | case |
| 12 | matters | matter | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 person | appos |
| 13 | of | of | ADP | _ | 14 sport | case |
| 14 | sport | sport | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 matters | nmod |
| 15 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 16 entertainment | cc |
| 16 | entertainment | entertainment | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 sport | conj |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | post | present | a natural person | with considerable frequency | vn send-11.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | matter | sport or entertainment | nom matter «cognition intransitive»: of=agent |
Option 4
A device employed in the counting of ballots
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 device | det |
| 2 | device | device | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 3 | employed | employ | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 2 device | acl |
| 4 | in | in | ADP | _ | 6 counting | case |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 counting | det |
| 6 | counting | counting | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 employed | obl |
| 7 | of | of | ADP | _ | 8 ballots | case |
| 8 | ballots | ballot | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 counting | nmod |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | employ | participle | a device not said here | the counting of ballots | vn hire-13.5.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | count | ballots | nom counting «act intransitive»: of=agent |
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/politics/32-bots-troll-farms-and-deepfakes/e1/