Test 9 · ★ · Bots, troll farms and deepfakes in elections

"Voting's moved to Wednesday, my mate's cousin sent it, trust." What is the safest step?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: cousin, safest step · What happens: move, send, be · To what, where: Voting

This is test 9 · ★ of lesson 32 «Bots, troll farms and deepfakes in elections» of the politics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: "Voting's moved to Wednesday, my mate's cousin sent it, trust."

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	"	"	PUNCT	_	4 moved	punct
2	Voting	voting	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 moved	nsubj
3	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 moved	aux:pass
4	moved	move	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	to	to	ADP	_	6 Wednesday	case
6	Wednesday	Wednesday	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 moved	obl
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 sent	punct
8	my	my	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	9 mate	nmod:poss
9	mate	mate	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 cousin	nmod:poss
10	's	's	PART	_	9 mate	case
11	cousin	cousin	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 sent	nsubj
12	sent	send	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 moved	conj
13	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	12 sent	obj
14	,	,	PUNCT	_	15 trust	punct
15	trust	trust	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 sent	obl
16	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 moved	punct
17	"	"	PUNCT	_	4 moved	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	move in a quote	present · passive		Voting			wednesday		vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: subject=Theme
2	send in a quote	past	my mate's cousin	Voting				trust obl	vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What is the safest step?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	root	root
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	1 What	cop
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 step	det
4	safest	safe	ADJ	Degree=Sup	5 step	amod
5	step	step	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 What	nsubj
6	?	?	PUNCT	_	1 What	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	the safest step						tree rules

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Go on both days, just to be safe, and vote twice if you can

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Go	go	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	on	on	ADP	_	4 days	case
3	both	both	DET	PronType=Tot	4 days	det
4	days	day	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 Go	obl
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 safe	punct
6	just	just	ADV	_	9 safe	advmod
7	to	to	PART	_	9 safe	mark
8	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	9 safe	cop
9	safe	safe	ADJ	Degree=Pos	1 Go	parataxis
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 vote	punct
11	and	and	CCONJ	_	12 vote	cc
12	vote	vote	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	1 Go	conj
13	twice	twice	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Mult	12 vote	advmod
14	if	if	SCONJ	_	16 can	mark
15	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	16 can	nsubj
16	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	12 vote	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	when	other	roles by
1	go	imperative	you not said here	day		vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	is	to-infinitive			safe property	tree rules
3	vote	infinitive	you not said here		twice property	vn dub-29.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

Option 2

Forward it to everyone in the family, just in case it is true

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Forward	forward	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	1 Forward	obj
3	to	to	ADP	_	4 everyone	case
4	everyone	everyone	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Tot	1 Forward	obl
5	in	in	ADP	_	7 family	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 family	det
7	family	family	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Forward	obl
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 true	punct
9	just	just	ADV	_	14 true	advmod
10	in	in	ADP	ExtPos=ADP	14 true	case
11	case	case	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 in	fixed
12	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	14 true	nsubj
13	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	14 true	cop
14	true	true	ADJ	Degree=Pos	1 Forward	parataxis

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	forward	imperative	you not said here	it	everyone	the family			vn send-11.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent it=Theme to everyone=Destination
2	is	present	case					true property	tree rules

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

Check the official election office before believing it

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Check	check	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 office	det
3	official	official	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 office	amod
4	election	election	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 office	compound
5	office	office	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Check	obj
6	before	before	SCONJ	_	7 believing	mark
7	believing	believe	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	1 Check	advcl
8	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 believing	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	check	imperative	you not said here	the official election office					vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent office=Theme
2	believe	gerund	you not said here	office					vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer it=Stimulus

Option 4

Believe it, because a cousin of a mate sent it and he knows stuff

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Believe	believe	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	1 Believe	obj
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 sent	punct
4	because	because	SCONJ	_	10 sent	mark
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 cousin	det
6	cousin	cousin	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 sent	nsubj
7	of	of	ADP	_	9 mate	case
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 mate	det
9	mate	mate	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 cousin	nmod
10	sent	send	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	1 Believe	parataxis
11	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 sent	obj
12	and	and	CCONJ	_	14 knows	cc
13	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	14 knows	nsubj
14	knows	know	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	1 Believe	conj
15	stuff	stuff	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 knows	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	believe	imperative	you not said here	it	vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer it=Stimulus
2	send	past	a cousin of a mate	mate	vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme
3	know	present	cousin	stuff	vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer stuff=Stimulus

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/politics/32-bots-troll-farms-and-deepfakes/t9/