Test 9 · School councils and class reps

A boy says, "Youth parliaments make the real laws, so I can ban homework." What is the better version?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 3 · right ✓ · Who acts: boy, Youth parliaments, better version · What happens: say, make, ban, be · To what, where: real laws, homework · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 9 of lesson 37 «School councils and class reps» of the politics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: A boy says, "Youth parliaments make the real laws, so I can ban homework."

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 boy	det
2	boy	boy	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 says	nsubj
3	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 make	punct
5	"	"	PUNCT	_	8 make	punct
6	Youth	youth	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 parliaments	compound
7	parliaments	parliament	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 make	nsubj
8	make	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 says	ccomp
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 laws	det
10	real	real	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 laws	amod
11	laws	law	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 make	obj
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 ban	punct
13	so	so	ADV	_	16 ban	advmod
14	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	16 ban	nsubj
15	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	16 ban	aux
16	ban	ban	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 says	ccomp
17	homework	homework	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 ban	obj
18	.	.	PUNCT	_	16 ban	punct
19	"	"	PUNCT	_	16 ban	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	say speech: assert	present	a boy		vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	make in a quote	present	Youth parliaments	the real laws	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset law=Product
3	ban in a quote	can	a boy = boy	homework	vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer homework=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What is the better version?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	root	root
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	1 What	cop
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 version	det
4	better	good	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	5 version	amod
5	version	version	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 What	nsubj
6	?	?	PUNCT	_	1 What	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	the better version						tree rules

The options

Option 1

He is right, they make all the laws, and the real parliament has to sign whatever they decide

The tree, 18 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 right	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 right	cop
3	right	right	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 make	punct
5	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 make	nsubj
6	make	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 right	parataxis
7	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	9 laws	det:predet
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 laws	det
9	laws	law	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 make	obj
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	15 has	punct
11	and	and	CCONJ	_	15 has	cc
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 parliament	det
13	real	real	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 parliament	amod
14	parliament	parliament	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 has	nsubj
15	has	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 right	conj
16	to	to	PART	_	17 sign	mark
17	sign	sign	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 right	csubj
18	whatever	whatever	PRON	PronType=Rel	20 decide	obj
19	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	20 decide	nsubj
20	decide	decide	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	17 sign	ccomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	is	present	He		right property	tree rules
2	make	present	they	all laws		vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset law=Product
3	have	present	the real parliament			vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
4	sign	to-infinitive				vn instr_communication-37.4.1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
5	decide	present	laws = law	whatever		vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent whatever=Topic

Option 2

Youth parliaments are against the law

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Youth	youth	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 parliaments	compound
2	parliaments	parliament	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 law	nsubj
3	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 law	cop
4	against	against	ADP	_	6 law	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 law	det
6	law	law	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Youth parliaments					against the law	tree rules

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Their votes do not make laws, but leaders can hear their ideas

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 votes	nmod:poss
2	votes	vote	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 make	nsubj
3	do	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 make	aux
4	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	5 make	advmod
5	make	make	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
6	laws	law	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 make	obj
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 hear	punct
8	but	but	CCONJ	_	11 hear	cc
9	leaders	leader	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 hear	nsubj
10	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	11 hear	aux
11	hear	hear	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 make	conj
12	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	13 ideas	nmod:poss
13	ideas	idea	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 hear	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	not make	present · do-support	Their votes	laws	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset law=Product
2	hear	can	leaders	leaders's ideas	vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer idea=Stimulus
3	vote		Their = they		nom vote «act transitive»: poss=agent

Option 4

Youth parliaments only exist in cartoons

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Youth	youth	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 parliaments	amod
2	parliaments	parliament	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 exist	nsubj
3	only	only	ADV	_	4 exist	advmod
4	exist	exist	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	in	in	ADP	_	6 cartoons	case
6	cartoons	cartoon	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 exist	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	exist	present	Youth parliaments			cartoons			vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in cartoon=Location

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/politics/37-school-councils-and-class-reps/t9/