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Test 12 · ★★★ · The King, the courts and the rules above the rules

A boy says, "If the King is head of state in Canada, Canada must be run from London." Which clever reasoning shows he is wrong?

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 4 · right ✓ · Who acts: boy, King, clever reasoning, reasoning · What happens: say, be, run, show · To what, where: head, Canada, London · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 12 · ★★★ of lesson 7 «The King, the courts and the rules above the rules» of the politics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: A boy says, "If the King is head of state in Canada, Canada must be run from London."

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 boy	det
2	boy	boy	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 says	nsubj
3	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 head	punct
5	"	"	PUNCT	_	10 head	punct
6	If	if	SCONJ	_	10 head	mark
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 King	det
8	King	King	PROPN	Number=Sing	10 head	nsubj
9	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 head	cop
10	head	head	NOUN	Number=Sing	19 run	nsubj
11	of	of	ADP	_	12 state	case
12	state	state	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 head	nmod
13	in	in	ADP	_	14 Canada	case
14	Canada	Canada	PROPN	Number=Sing	10 head	nmod
15	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 Canada	punct
16	Canada	Canada	PROPN	Number=Sing	14 Canada	conj
17	must	must	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	19 run	aux
18	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	19 run	aux:pass
19	run	run	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 says	ccomp
20	from	from	ADP	_	21 London	case
21	London	London	PROPN	Number=Sing	19 run	obl
22	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 says	punct
23	"	"	PUNCT	_	3 says	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	present	a boy						vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	is a a condition, not said to happen, in a quote	present	the King	head		Canada and Canada		of state	tree rules
3	run in a quote	must · passive		head		London			vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: subject=Theme from london=Trajectory

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Which clever reasoning shows he is wrong?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	4 shows	obj
2	clever	clever	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 reasoning	amod
3	reasoning	reasoning	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 shows	nsubj
4	shows	show	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 wrong	nsubj
6	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 wrong	cop
7	wrong	wrong	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 shows	ccomp
8	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 shows	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	show	present	clever reasoning						vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent which=Recipient
2	is	present	reasoning					wrong property	tree rules

The options

Option 1

Canada has no government of its own

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Canada	Canada	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 has	nsubj
2	has	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	4 government	det
4	government	government	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 has	obj
5	of	of	ADP	_	7 own	case
6	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	7 own	nmod:poss
7	own	own	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 government	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	present	Canada	no government of government's own					vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent government=Patient

Option 2

London sends Canada's laws by post each day

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	London	London	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 sends	nsubj
2	sends	send	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	Canada	Canada	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 laws	nmod:poss
4	's	's	PART	_	3 Canada	case
5	laws	law	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 sends	obj
6	by	by	ADP	_	7 post	case
7	post	post	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 sends	obl
8	each	each	DET	PronType=Tot	9 day	det
9	day	day	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 sends	obl:unmarked

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	send	present	London	Canada's laws			day	by post	vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent law=Theme

Option 3

The King lives in Canada half the year

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 King	det
2	King	King	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 lives	nsubj
3	lives	live	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	in	in	ADP	_	5 Canada	case
5	Canada	Canada	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 lives	obl
6	half	half	DET	NumForm=Word NumType=Frac PronType=Ind	8 year	det:predet
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 year	det
8	year	year	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 lives	obl:unmarked

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	live	present	the King			Canada	year		vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in canada=Location

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Canada's own government makes the decisions; the King's role there is mostly for ceremony

The tree, 16 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Canada	Canada	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 government	nmod:poss
2	's	's	PART	_	1 Canada	case
3	own	own	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 government	amod
4	government	government	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 makes	nsubj
5	makes	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 decisions	det
7	decisions	decision	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 makes	obj
8	;	;	PUNCT	_	14 is	punct
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 King	det
10	King	King	PROPN	Number=Sing	12 role	nmod:poss
11	's	's	PART	_	10 King	case
12	role	role	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 is	nsubj
13	there	there	PRON	PronType=Dem	14 is	expl
14	is	be	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 makes	advcl
15	mostly	mostly	ADV	_	14 is	advmod
16	for	for	ADP	_	17 ceremony	case
17	ceremony	ceremony	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 is	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	present	Canada's own government	the decisions					vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset decision=Product
2	be	present	the King's role			there		for ceremony; mostly property	vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/politics/7-the-king-the-courts-and-the-rules-above-the-rules/t12/