Exam question 2 · The fight I lost and the bullying I can't escape
Identify the principal reason for which disclosure to a trusted adult is recommended in cases of bullying.
Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 4 · right ✓ · Who acts: you · What happens: identify, trust, recommend · To what, where: principal reason, disclosure, cases
This is exam question 2 of lesson 18 «The fight I lost and the bullying I can't escape» of the reflection course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Identify | identify | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 reason | det |
| 3 | principal | principal | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 reason | amod |
| 4 | reason | reason | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Identify | obj |
| 5 | for | for | ADP | _ | 6 which | case |
| 6 | which | which | DET | PronType=Int | 7 disclosure | det |
| 7 | disclosure | disclosure | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 recommended | nsubj:pass |
| 8 | to | to | ADP | _ | 11 adult | case |
| 9 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 11 adult | det |
| 10 | trusted | trust | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 11 adult | amod |
| 11 | adult | adult | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 disclosure | nmod |
| 12 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 13 recommended | aux:pass |
| 13 | recommended | recommend | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 4 reason | acl:relcl |
| 14 | in | in | ADP | _ | 15 cases | case |
| 15 | cases | case | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 recommended | obl |
| 16 | of | of | ADP | _ | 17 bullying | case |
| 17 | bullying | bullying | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 cases | nmod |
| 18 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 1 Identify | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | identify | imperative | you not said here | the principal reason | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent reason=Theme | ||||
| 2 | trust | participle | vn conjecture-29.5-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 3 | recommend | present · passive | which disclosure to a trusted adult | cases of bullying | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The options
Option 1
Disclosure invariably renders the perpetrator more aggressive towards the pupil
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Disclosure | disclosure | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 renders | nsubj |
| 2 | invariably | invariably | ADV | _ | 3 renders | advmod |
| 3 | renders | render | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 perpetrator | det |
| 5 | perpetrator | perpetrator | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 renders | obj |
| 6 | more | more | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 7 aggressive | advmod |
| 7 | aggressive | aggressive | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 renders | ccomp |
| 8 | towards | towards | ADP | _ | 10 pupil | case |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 pupil | det |
| 10 | pupil | pupil | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 aggressive | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | render | present | Disclosure | the perpetrator | invariably property | vn give-13.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent perpetrator=Theme |
Option 2
Disclosure is required solely where an injury is sustained
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Disclosure | disclosure | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 required | nsubj:pass |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 required | aux:pass |
| 3 | required | require | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 4 | solely | solely | ADV | _ | 3 required | advmod |
| 5 | where | where | ADV | PronType=Rel | 9 sustained | advmod |
| 6 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 injury | det |
| 7 | injury | injury | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 sustained | nsubj:pass |
| 8 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 9 sustained | aux:pass |
| 9 | sustained | sustain | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 required | advcl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | require | present · passive | Disclosure | solely property | vn require-103-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Precondition | ||||
| 2 | sustain | present · passive | a injury | vn sustain-55.6 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: subject=Theme |
Option 3
Adults are obliged to retaliate on behalf of the pupil
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Adults | adult | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 obliged | nsubj |
| 2 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 obliged | aux:pass |
| 3 | obliged | oblige | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 4 | to | to | PART | _ | 5 retaliate | mark |
| 5 | retaliate | retaliate | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 obliged | xcomp |
| 6 | on | on | ADP | _ | 7 behalf | case |
| 7 | behalf | behalf | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 retaliate | obl |
| 8 | of | of | ADP | _ | 10 pupil | case |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 pupil | det |
| 10 | pupil | pupil | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 behalf | nmod |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | oblige | present · passive | Adults | vn compel-59.1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: subject=Patient clause=Result | |||||
| 2 | retaliate | to-infinitive | behalf of the pupil | vn rebel-71.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer
Bullying is sustained by silence, and adults possess the means to end it
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Bullying | bullying | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 sustained | nsubj:pass |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 sustained | aux:pass |
| 3 | sustained | sustain | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 4 | by | by | ADP | _ | 5 silence | case |
| 5 | silence | silence | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 sustained | obl |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 possess | punct |
| 7 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 9 possess | cc |
| 8 | adults | adult | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 possess | nsubj |
| 9 | possess | possess | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 sustained | conj |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 means | nsubj |
| 11 | means | mean | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 9 possess | ccomp |
| 12 | to | to | PART | _ | 13 end | mark |
| 13 | end | end | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 11 means | ccomp |
| 14 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 13 end | obj |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | sustain | present · passive | silence | Bullying | vn sustain-55.6 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent subject=Theme | ||||
| 2 | possess | present | adults | tree rules | |||||
| 3 | mean | present | the | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 4 | end not said to happen | to-infinitive | Bullying | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Subeventuality it=Eventuality |
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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