Exam question 1 · Getting through it: who helps, what helps, and looking back

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises resilience?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · What happens: follow, characteris · To what, where: resilience

This is exam question 1 of lesson 30 «Getting through it: who helps, what helps, and looking back» of the reflection course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	resilience	resilience	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obj
10	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund							vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present		resilience				of the following statements; accurately property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

An innate quality possessed only by a minority of persons

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	An	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 quality	det
2	innate	innate	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 quality	amod
3	quality	quality	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	possessed	possess	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 quality	acl
5	only	only	ADV	_	4 possessed	advmod
6	by	by	ADP	_	8 minority	case
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 minority	det
8	minority	minority	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 possessed	obl
9	of	of	ADP	_	10 persons	case
10	persons	person	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 minority	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	possess	participle		a innate quality not said here				by a minority of persons	vn own-100.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

The capacity to recover from adversity, which commonly develops with assistance and time

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 capacity	det
2	capacity	capacity	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 develops	nsubj
3	to	to	PART	_	4 recover	mark
4	recover	recover	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 capacity	acl
5	from	from	ADP	_	6 adversity	case
6	adversity	adversity	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 recover	obl
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 develops	punct
8	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	10 develops	nsubj
9	commonly	commonly	ADV	_	10 develops	advmod
10	develops	develop	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
11	with	with	ADP	_	12 assistance	case
12	assistance	assistance	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 develops	obl
13	and	and	CCONJ	_	14 time	cc
14	time	time	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 assistance	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	recover	to-infinitive	the capacity not said here			adversity			vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent from adversity=Source
2	develop	present	the capacity					with assistance and time; commonly property	vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 3

The total absence of distress in the face of all adversity

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 absence	det
2	total	total	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 absence	amod
3	absence	absence	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	of	of	ADP	_	5 distress	case
5	distress	distress	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 absence	nmod
6	in	in	ADP	_	8 face	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 face	det
8	face	face	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 absence	nmod
9	of	of	ADP	_	11 adversity	case
10	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	11 adversity	det
11	adversity	adversity	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 face	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	absent			distress		the face of all adversity			nom absence «state transitive»: of=patient in=place

Option 4

The concealment of all emotion from family and friends

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 concealment	det
2	concealment	concealment	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	of	of	ADP	_	5 emotion	case
4	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	5 emotion	det
5	emotion	emotion	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 concealment	nmod
6	from	from	ADP	_	7 family	case
7	family	family	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 emotion	nmod
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 friends	cc
9	friends	friend	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 family	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	conceal			all emotion from family and friends					nom concealment «state transitive»: of=patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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