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Test 3 · ★ · Letting a friend down: broken promises and spilled secrets

In a cartoon, a boy breaks a promise, says "sorry!" once, and his friend instantly trusts him completely again. What's unrealistic?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: boy, friend · What happens: break, say, trust, be · To what, where: promise, cartoon, boy · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 3 · ★ of lesson 4 «Letting a friend down: broken promises and spilled secrets» of the reflection course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: In a cartoon, a boy breaks a promise, says "sorry!" once, and his friend instantly trusts him completely again.

casedetoblpunctdetnsubjdetobjpunctconjpunctccomppunctpunctadvmodpunctccnmod:possnsubjadvmodconjobjadvmodadvmodpunctrootInADPaDETcartoonNOUN,PUNCTaDETboyNOUNbreaksVERBaDETpromiseNOUN,PUNCTsaysVERB"PUNCTsorryINTJ!PUNCT"PUNCTonceADV,PUNCTandCCONJhisPRONfriendNOUNinstantlyADVtrustsVERBhimPRONcompletelyADVagainADV.PUNCT
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1IninADP_3 cartooncase
2aaDETDefinite=Ind PronType=Art3 cartoondet
3cartooncartoonNOUNNumber=Sing7 breaksobl
4,,PUNCT_3 cartoonpunct
5aaDETDefinite=Ind PronType=Art6 boydet
6boyboyNOUNNumber=Sing7 breaksnsubj
7breaksbreakVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Finrootroot
8aaDETDefinite=Ind PronType=Art9 promisedet
9promisepromiseNOUNNumber=Sing7 breaksobj
10,,PUNCT_11 sayspunct
11sayssayVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin7 breaksconj
12""PUNCT_13 sorrypunct
13sorrysorryINTJ_11 saysccomp
14!!PUNCT_13 sorrypunct
15""PUNCT_13 sorrypunct
16onceonceADVNumForm=Word NumType=Mult13 sorryadvmod
17,,PUNCT_22 trustspunct
18andandCCONJ_22 trustscc
19hishisPRONCase=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs20 friendnmod:poss
20friendfriendNOUNNumber=Sing22 trustsnsubj
21instantlyinstantlyADV_22 trustsadvmod
22truststrustVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin7 breaksconj
23himhePRONCase=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs22 trustsobj
24completelycompletelyADV_25 againadvmod
25againagainADV_22 trustsadvmod
26..PUNCT_7 breakspunct
#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1breakpresenta boya promisea cartoonvn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer promise=Patient
2say speech: assertpresenta boy not said herevn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
3trustpresentboy's friendboyagaininstantly propertyvn conjecture-29.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What's unrealistic?

nsubjcoppunctrootWhatPRON'sAUXunrealisticADJ?PUNCT
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1WhatwhatPRONPronType=Int3 unrealisticnsubj
2'sbeAUXMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin3 unrealisticcop
3unrealisticunrealisticADJDegree=Posrootroot
4??PUNCT_3 unrealisticpunct
#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1ispresentunrealistic propertytree rules

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Trust usually grows back slowly, with changed actions over time

nsubjadvmodadvmodadvmodpunctcaseamodoblcaseoblrootTrustNOUNusuallyADVgrowsVERBbackADVslowlyADV,PUNCTwithADPchangedVERBactionsNOUNoverADPtimeNOUN
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1TrusttrustNOUNNumber=Sing3 growsnsubj
2usuallyusuallyADV_3 growsadvmod
3growsgrowVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Finrootroot
4backbackADV_5 slowlyadvmod
5slowlyslowlyADV_3 growsadvmod
6,,PUNCT_9 actionspunct
7withwithADP_9 actionscase
8changedchangeVERBTense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass9 actionsamod
9actionsactionNOUNNumber=Plur3 growsobl
10overoverADP_11 timecase
11timetimeNOUNNumber=Sing3 growsobl
#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1growpresentTrusttimewith changed actions; slowly, usually propertyvn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2changeparticiplevn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 2

In real life you don't need to say sorry at all

caseamodoblnsubjauxadvmodmarkxcompxcompcaseoblrootInADPrealADJlifeNOUNyouPRONdoAUXn'tPARTneedVERBtoPARTsayVERBsorryADJatADPallDET
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1IninADP_3 lifecase
2realrealADJDegree=Pos3 lifeamod
3lifelifeNOUNNumber=Sing7 needobl
4youyouPRONCase=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs7 neednsubj
5dodoAUXMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin7 needaux
6n'tnotPARTPolarity=Neg7 needadvmod
7needneedVERBVerbForm=Infrootroot
8totoPART_9 saymark
9saysayVERBVerbForm=Inf7 needxcomp
10sorrysorryADJDegree=Pos9 sayxcomp
11atatADP_12 allcase
12allallDETPronType=Tot10 sorryobl
#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1not needpresent · do-supportyoureal lifevn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme
2say speech: apologize not said to happento-infinitiveyou not said heresorry propertyvn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent

Option 3

Real friends never forgive anything at all

amodnsubjadvmodobjcaseoblrootRealADJfriendsNOUNneverADVforgiveVERBanythingPRONatADPallDET
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1RealrealADJDegree=Pos2 friendsamod
2friendsfriendNOUNNumber=Plur4 forgivensubj
3neverneverADVPronType=Neg4 forgiveadvmod
4forgiveforgiveVERBMood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Finrootroot
5anythinganythingPRONNumber=Sing PronType=Ind4 forgiveobj
6atatADP_7 allcase
7allallDETPronType=Tot4 forgiveobl
#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1not forgivepresentReal friendsanythingallvn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent anything=Theme

Option 4

Nothing; one "sorry" always brings trust straight back

nsubjpunctnsubjpunctappospunctadvmodobjadvmodadvmodrootNothingPRON;PUNCToneNUM"PUNCTsorryADJ"PUNCTalwaysADVbringsVERBtrustNOUNstraightADVbackADV
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1NothingnothingPRONNumber=Sing PronType=Neg8 bringsnsubj
2;;PUNCT_5 sorrypunct
3oneoneNUMNumForm=Word NumType=Card5 sorrynsubj
4""PUNCT_5 sorrypunct
5sorrysorryADJDegree=Pos1 Nothingappos
6""PUNCT_5 sorrypunct
7alwaysalwaysADVPronType=Tot8 bringsadvmod
8bringsbringVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Finrootroot
9trusttrustNOUNNumber=Sing8 bringsobj
10straightstraightADV_11 backadvmod
11backbackADV_8 bringsadvmod
#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1bringpresentNothingtrustalways propertyvn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent trust=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/reflection/4-letting-a-friend-down-broken-promises-and-spilled-secrets/t3/